BREAKING: Target Test Prep releases Brand New 2026 On Demand GMAT prep course

Redeem

Target Test Prep · GMAT

Choose how you want to prepare

Learn live with an expert or move at your own pace. Every option includes the complete TTP study system.

★★★★★5.0559 reviews
Vote for Target Test Prep, Newsweek Readers’ Choice Awards 2026
NEWSWEEK READERS’ CHOICE 2026

BIG NEWS! Target Test Prep has been nominated, and they’d love your vote!

TTP has worked incredibly hard to build the best test prep experience possible, and winning Newsweek’s 2026 Readers’ Choice Award for Best Test Prep would mean a lot to them. If TTP has helped you, they’d be incredibly grateful for your vote. You can vote once each day through September 9.

Vote for TTP
GMATLiveTeach 7 seats left
Chris Peckover
NEXT LIVE COHORT

Oct 13 to Jan 7, 2027

with Chris Peckover

Schedule
Tue, Thu · 8:00 to 10:00 PM ET
Included
40 live hours + 6 months of GMAT OnDemand
  • Live instruction and real-time questions
  • Class recordings and assigned practice
View class & enroll
Limited cohort · enrollment openTarget Test Prep
EALiveTeach 5 seats left
Logan Thompson
EXECUTIVE ASSESSMENT

Sep 6 to Dec 6, 2026

with Logan Thompson

Schedule
Sun · 9:30 AM to 12:30 PM ET
Included
Live EA class + 6 months of EA OnDemand
  • Expert-led weekly online sessions
  • EA Masterclass access between classes
View EA class & enroll
Limited cohort · enrollment openTarget Test Prep
GMATOnDemand Start anytime
SELF-PACED MASTERCLASS

Target Test Prep GMAT OnDemand

Complete access from day one. Study on your schedule.

715+ score guarantee
$0to start then $127/mo
  • Personalized study plan and analytics
  • Thousands of lessons and practice questions
Start free 5-day trial
Read 559 reviewsTarget Test Prep

Compare the format, schedule, and included access before enrolling. Prices and seat counts shown reflect the supplied offer details.

ethnicity

Expert replies
Post new topic Locked
Previous Topic Next Topic
Legendary Member
Posts: 1404
Joined: Tue May 20, 2008 6:55 pmFollowed by: 2 members
Thanked: 18 times

by tanviet » Tue Jun 30, 2009 7:35 pm
C is correct

D is not a sentence because " process" need a verb.
Top
Join the discussion
Log in to postLogin with Googleuse password
QUOTE IN REPLY
Legendary Member
Posts: 1161
Joined: Mon May 12, 2008 2:52 amFollowed by: 1 member
Location: Sydney
Thanked: 23 times

by mehravikas » Tue Jun 30, 2009 7:45 pm
Should be - D. In 'A' what does 'it' refers to?
Top
Join the discussion
Log in to postLogin with Googleuse password
QUOTE IN REPLY
Legendary Member
Posts: 876
Joined: Thu Apr 10, 2008 8:14 am
Thanked: 13 times

by ketkoag » Wed Jul 08, 2009 10:35 am
maihuna wrote:
pratikgandhi wrote:maihuna wrote:
Contrary to the scholarly wisdom of the 1950’s and early 1960’s that predicted the processes of modernization and rationalization would gradually undermine it, ethnicity is a worldwide phenomenon of increasing importance.

(A) would gradually undermine it (It can refer to modernization, rationalization and ethnicity)
(B) to be a gradual undermining of it(Same as above)
(C) would be a gradual undermining of ethnicity (Akward.. would be a ...)
(D) to gradually undermine ethnicity CORRECT
(E) gradually undermining it(Same as above)

IMO D
oa is a

D is incorrect from following perspective: Predicted that processes( of modernization and rationalization) to gradually undermine ethnicity:

processes will processes would but never ever processes to?
ok, i think that u've mistyped the question in the original post.. check it one more time, u've never typed "that" after predicted.. coz in ur explanation for D above, u've mentioned "predicted that" .. and if there is a "that" in the original question that Answer should be A.. So, due to typo error people are not able to get the correct answer.. please take care of it.. It happens sometimes, no issues :)
Top
Join the discussion
Log in to postLogin with Googleuse password
QUOTE IN REPLY
Legendary Member
Posts: 1404
Joined: Tue May 20, 2008 6:55 pmFollowed by: 2 members
Thanked: 18 times

by tanviet » Tue Jul 21, 2009 12:57 am
A is correct. "it" in A can refer forward to "ethnicity"

a pronoun can refer backward (to previous noun) and forward (to latter noun"
Top
Join the discussion
Log in to postLogin with Googleuse password
QUOTE IN REPLY
Master | Next Rank: 500 Posts
Posts: 177
Joined: Wed Jul 16, 2008 11:06 amFollowed by: 1 member
Thanked: 2 times

Re: ethnicity

by perfectstranger » Wed Jul 22, 2009 1:29 pm
maihuna wrote:Contrary to the scholarly wisdom of the 1950’s and early 1960’s that predicted the processes of modernization and rationalization would gradually undermine it, ethnicity is a worldwide phenomenon of increasing importance.

(A) would gradually undermine it
(B) to be a gradual undermining of it
(C) would be a gradual undermining of ethnicity
(D) to gradually undermine ethnicity
(E) gradually undermining it
it has no clear referent in the grammer notes of the spidey's or whoever I've read that ......ethnicity, ethnicity is ........... construction is right. I vote for C since a wisdom is explained here
Please do not post answers visibly . Please hide them or post them later after the discussion.
Top
Join the discussion
Log in to postLogin with Googleuse password
QUOTE IN REPLY
Junior | Next Rank: 30 Posts
Posts: 26
Joined: Fri Feb 06, 2009 11:08 pm
Location: Chandigarh

by arjunn7 » Thu Jul 23, 2009 10:40 pm
It shud be D..
You always have "predicted..... will", not "predicted .... would"
Work Hard till You succeed.. N even after that..!!
Top
Join the discussion
Log in to postLogin with Googleuse password
QUOTE IN REPLY

GMAT/MBA Expert

User avatar
GMAT Instructor
Posts: 3380
Joined: Mon Mar 03, 2008 1:20 amFollowed by: 1535 members
Thanked: 2256 times
GMAT Score:800

by lunarpower » Sun Jul 26, 2009 1:53 am
the best of the answer choices in this question is (a). it's not very well written; its clarity would be GREATLY helped by the inclusion of the word "that" after predicted, as stated by a couple of posters already.
however, there have been occasional official problems in which "that" has been omitted. (i don't remember the actual questions, but think about, say, "he said he was going to come" vs. "he said he was going to come" - both are fine.)

(d) is absolutely incorrect, because "predict X to do Y" is unidiomatic.

(e) is also incorrect, because it has the wrong meaning.
here's the difference:
J predicted that the processes would undermine X --> just what it says
J predicted the processes undermining X --> there are some processes that undermine X; J predicted these processes before they were actually known/discovered.

--

in any case, the writing here is pretty sloppy. what is the source of the question?
Ron has been teaching various standardized tests for 20 years.

--

Pueden hacerle preguntas a Ron en castellano
Potete chiedere domande a Ron in italiano
On peut poser des questions à Ron en français
Voit esittää kysymyksiä Ron:lle myös suomeksi

--

Quand on se sent bien dans un vêtement, tout peut arriver. Un bon vêtement, c'est un passeport pour le bonheur.

Yves Saint-Laurent

--

Learn more about ron
Top
Join the discussion
Log in to postLogin with Googleuse password
QUOTE IN REPLY
Legendary Member
Posts: 1799
Joined: Wed Dec 24, 2008 3:03 amFollowed by: 2 members
Thanked: 36 times

by goelmohit2002 » Sun Jul 26, 2009 6:19 am
lunarpower wrote:the best of the answer choices in this question is (a). it's not very well written; its clarity would be GREATLY helped by the inclusion of the word "that" after predicted, as stated by a couple of posters already.
however, there have been occasional official problems in which "that" has been omitted. (i don't remember the actual questions, but think about, say, "he said he was going to come" vs. "he said he was going to come" - both are fine.)
Hi Ron,

But Manhattan 4th edition(page#88) says that there are instances when we can drop "that" from the sentence. For e.g.

Right: The movie "that" we watched last Friday was scary.
Right: The movie we watched last Friday was scary.

Can you please tell why the above concept cannot be applied in the sentence at hand ?

Thanks
Mohit
Top
Join the discussion
Log in to postLogin with Googleuse password
QUOTE IN REPLY

GMAT/MBA Expert

User avatar
GMAT Instructor
Posts: 3380
Joined: Mon Mar 03, 2008 1:20 amFollowed by: 1535 members
Thanked: 2256 times
GMAT Score:800

by lunarpower » Sun Jul 26, 2009 11:22 am
goelmohit2002 wrote:Hi Ron,

But Manhattan 4th edition(page#88) says that there are instances when we can drop "that" from the sentence. For e.g.

Right: The movie "that" we watched last Friday was scary.
Right: The movie we watched last Friday was scary.

Can you please tell why the above concept cannot be applied in the sentence at hand ?

Thanks
Mohit
hi -

in the post you quoted, i said that we ARE allowed to drop this instance of "that".

the difference here, though, is that the length of the sentence makes it extremely unclear if "that" is omitted. notice that the example sentences you've posted above are extremely short; this is an essential part of the reason why you can eliminate "that" without loss of clarity.
in longer sentences, it tends to be more difficult to preserve clarity without including helper words like this "that".

here's another, related example. it doesn't use the word "that", but the underlying principle is the same.
* i want to eat a hamburger and drink a coke.
* i want to eat a hamburger and to drink a coke.
these sentences are both fine, but the shorter one is better because (a) it's more compact and (b) there is absolutely no loss of clarity.

* the rebels are attempting to unseat the current government regime, which has only been in power for six months and has already lost most of its popular support, and reform the country's banking system, which has been beset by corruption and incompetence.
* the rebels are attempting to unseat the current government regime, which has only been in power for six months and has already lost most of its popular support, and to reform the country's banking system, which has been beset by corruption and incompetence.
these sentences are also both technically ok, but the one including "to" is MUCH MUCH easier to read. the length of the sentence and the number of modifiers both conspire to make the first one unacceptably difficult to understand.

--

rest assured, by the way, that this sort of inclusion/exclusion of "that" will NEVER be the sole criterion on which a problem is decided (unless one or the other actually produces an ambiguity or a grammatical error).
Ron has been teaching various standardized tests for 20 years.

--

Pueden hacerle preguntas a Ron en castellano
Potete chiedere domande a Ron in italiano
On peut poser des questions à Ron en français
Voit esittää kysymyksiä Ron:lle myös suomeksi

--

Quand on se sent bien dans un vêtement, tout peut arriver. Un bon vêtement, c'est un passeport pour le bonheur.

Yves Saint-Laurent

--

Learn more about ron
Top
Join the discussion
Log in to postLogin with Googleuse password
QUOTE IN REPLY
Legendary Member
Posts: 1799
Joined: Wed Dec 24, 2008 3:03 amFollowed by: 2 members
Thanked: 36 times

by goelmohit2002 » Sun Jul 26, 2009 11:45 am
lunarpower wrote:rest assured, by the way, that this sort of inclusion/exclusion of "that" will NEVER be the sole criterion on which a problem is decided (unless one or the other actually produces an ambiguity or a grammatical error).
Thanks a lot Ron....

Can you please give one example of a sentence where the inclusion of "that" is absolutely necessary, without which GMAT will consider the same wrong.....

Till today I was of the opinion that we need "that" in these type of scenarios....always....and based on the same used to do as the primary reason to kick out the option as opposed to secondary one as suggested by you.

or in GMAT it is always optional to use that in these type of scenarios...and we should never kick out the option based on that only.
Top
Join the discussion
Log in to postLogin with Googleuse password
QUOTE IN REPLY

GMAT/MBA Expert

User avatar
GMAT Instructor
Posts: 3380
Joined: Mon Mar 03, 2008 1:20 amFollowed by: 1535 members
Thanked: 2256 times
GMAT Score:800

by lunarpower » Sun Jul 26, 2009 2:46 pm
goelmohit2002 wrote:Can you please give one example of a sentence where the inclusion of "that" is absolutely necessary, without which GMAT will consider the same wrong.....

Till today I was of the opinion that we need "that" in these type of scenarios....always....and based on the same used to do as the primary reason to kick out the option as opposed to secondary one as suggested by you.

or in GMAT it is always optional to use that in these type of scenarios...and we should never kick out the option based on that only.
hmm

there's probably some way to construct a sentence that is ambiguous without "that" in this sort of position, but i can't think of one off the top of my head.

it's never going to be grammatically INCORRECT without "that", since there is no other way in which the construction (NOUN + predicted/thought/said/etc + NOUN + VERB) can be interpreted.

but there are plenty of contexts in which it's going to be awkward or unclear without "that" in this position.
as i said before, this is never, ever, going to be the ONLY criterion on which a problem turns, so you won't have to worry about it.

i'll also repeat, again, that this is one of the "awkward" ones - in a correct answer - and so this is definitely not an official problem. the gmat will NEVER make you choose an awkward but correct answer over a non-awkward but incorrect answer. if there is unacceptable awkwardness, it will only occur in choices that are also wrong for some other reason.
(of course, if you're a non-native speaker, you may not be able to recognize "unacceptable awkwardness" in a lot of cases, but that's another issue.)
Ron has been teaching various standardized tests for 20 years.

--

Pueden hacerle preguntas a Ron en castellano
Potete chiedere domande a Ron in italiano
On peut poser des questions à Ron en français
Voit esittää kysymyksiä Ron:lle myös suomeksi

--

Quand on se sent bien dans un vêtement, tout peut arriver. Un bon vêtement, c'est un passeport pour le bonheur.

Yves Saint-Laurent

--

Learn more about ron
Top
Join the discussion
Log in to postLogin with Googleuse password
QUOTE IN REPLY

GMAT/MBA Expert

User avatar
GMAT Instructor
Posts: 3380
Joined: Mon Mar 03, 2008 1:20 amFollowed by: 1535 members
Thanked: 2256 times
GMAT Score:800

by lunarpower » Sun Jul 26, 2009 2:47 pm
@ goelmohit

so, if there's one major lesson or takeaway that you can get from this specific exchange, this is it: you should not eliminate a choice with that form simply because the "that" is missing.
Ron has been teaching various standardized tests for 20 years.

--

Pueden hacerle preguntas a Ron en castellano
Potete chiedere domande a Ron in italiano
On peut poser des questions à Ron en français
Voit esittää kysymyksiä Ron:lle myös suomeksi

--

Quand on se sent bien dans un vêtement, tout peut arriver. Un bon vêtement, c'est un passeport pour le bonheur.

Yves Saint-Laurent

--

Learn more about ron
Top
Join the discussion
Log in to postLogin with Googleuse password
QUOTE IN REPLY
Legendary Member
Posts: 1799
Joined: Wed Dec 24, 2008 3:03 amFollowed by: 2 members
Thanked: 36 times

by goelmohit2002 » Fri Jul 31, 2009 9:00 pm
lunarpower wrote:@ goelmohit

so, if there's one major lesson or takeaway that you can get from this specific exchange, this is it: you should not eliminate a choice with that form simply because the "that" is missing.
Thanks Ron !

One small related query....as nowhere I found the same....

Does it the case always that

a) noun + that <modifying phrase>
b) verb + that <independent clause>

There is one question in OG that says that "that in E mistakenly introduces a new independent clause rather than a modifying phrase for powers." After looking at the below question, I checked the same in multiple OG questions....the same seems to be followed in OG...but can you please tell is there some rule such as above ?

If there indeed a rule like above, then is the same followed for all the relative pronouns like which/where etc or the same is applicable for "that" only ?

Question(OG-10, Q222) is as below:

By a vote of 9 to 0, the Supreme Court awarded the Central Intelligence Agency broad discretionary powers enabling it to withhold from the public the identities of its sources of intelligence information.
(A) enabling it to withhold from the public
(B) for it to withhold from the public
(C) for withholding disclosure to the public of
(D) that enable them to withhold from public disclosure
(E) that they can withhold public disclosure of

OA = A
Top
Join the discussion
Log in to postLogin with Googleuse password
QUOTE IN REPLY
Legendary Member
Posts: 1799
Joined: Wed Dec 24, 2008 3:03 amFollowed by: 2 members
Thanked: 36 times

by goelmohit2002 » Fri Jul 31, 2009 9:16 pm
lunarpower wrote:(i don't remember the actual questions, but think about, say, "he said he was going to come" vs. "he said he was going to come" - both are fine.)
Hi Ron,

I think you meant to say the following two:

1. he said he was going to come
2. he said "that" he was going to come.

Please confirm if my understanding is not correct.

Just one small query for the above example:

There are two complete sentence in the above:

a) he said
b) he was going to come

But if we will not use any coordinating conjunction or do not use "that"...then doesn't the above sentence becomes "Run-on" ?
Top
Join the discussion
Log in to postLogin with Googleuse password
QUOTE IN REPLY
Legendary Member
Posts: 1799
Joined: Wed Dec 24, 2008 3:03 amFollowed by: 2 members
Thanked: 36 times

by goelmohit2002 » Fri Jul 31, 2009 9:51 pm
lunarpower wrote:@ goelmohit

so, if there's one major lesson or takeaway that you can get from this specific exchange, this is it: you should not eliminate a choice with that form simply because the "that" is missing.
Awesome Ron !!! Thanks a lot...for clearing this misconception from my mind....
Top
Join the discussion
Log in to postLogin with Googleuse password
QUOTE IN REPLY
Post new topic Locked