Sentence Correction

Really confused..
How is the second part of OA: b an independant sentence??

by 1997 that figure had grown to nearly six hours a week

Please explain

Karen,

Do you mean to say we can use past perfect even if there are not 2 sentences that occurred in different times?

Why there is not past perfect with the first sentence of 1981?

Yes, I'm saying that you don't have to have two different *sentences* to justify the use of the past perfect. The past perfect just means that one event occurred before some other point in the past. In this case, the point in the past is expressed by the phrase "by 1997."

You can't use past perfect with "in 1981" because the sentence doesn't mean that anything happened *before* 1981.

Okay I understood why D is wrong and B is right w.r.tverb tense and everything..somebody said that in D there is wrong comparison wheres that is not the case in B.Can somebody please explain what exactly is compared and how in both choices B an D??

Why E is wrong.

E is "absolute construction". why this construction is wrong inhere?

Pls, help

Hi,


Can we have to have two different *sentences* to justify the use of the past perfect.
What about two different releated sentences -
Any examples ??/

Manhattan says -
"The past perfect just means that one event occurred before some other point in the past."

The sequence is clear if the past perfect is in a single sentence ( e.g The movie had started by the time we arrived at the theatre )

pink

Someone said in the earlier post that 'they' is ambigious in A. Why is it so? Doesnt it refer to 'children' clearly?

pls, help, why E is wrong

E is wrong for two reasons:

1. It changes the meaning. Instead of saying the figure had grown by 1997, it says the figure grew *in* 1997.

2. This modifier clause with a gerund and a subject of its own -- "that figure growing" -- is not standard English. I'm poking around a little to see if I can find more information on this; if anyone thinks they have an example of a similar structure that *is* allowed, please feel free to share.

Whats wrong with C? I couldn't find anything wrong in it.

A has pronoun problem

C meaning is not clear

D modifier is not logic

E is absolute structure which tell about an action which happen at the same time as action of main clause (I read this from a grammar book). "happen at the same time" is not logic here. I am not clear of this. pls help with this

it is harder to find out error in meaning than small error in grammar, such as "in 1981" and "by1997". However, error "in 1981,by 1997" is brutal

absolute construction is a phrase which has noun and an adjective, normally a participle. this phrase tells an action happening at the same time as action of main clause.

the question 86 of OG 10 is an example.

I am not confident of this structure. anyone know this, pls, help me