Sentence Correction

24. A recent study has found that within the past few years, many doctors had elected early retirement rather than face the threats of lawsuits and the rising costs of malpractice insurance.

(A) had elected early retirement rather than face
(B) had elected early retirement instead of facing
(C) have elected retiring early instead of facing
(D) have elected to retire early rather than facing
(E) have elected to retire early rather than face

srn wrote:24. A recent study has found that within the past few years, many doctors had elected early retirement rather than face the threats of lawsuits and the rising costs of malpractice insurance.

(A) had elected early retirement rather than face
(B) had elected early retirement instead of facing
(C) have elected retiring early instead of facing
(D) have elected to retire early rather than facing
(E) have elected to retire early rather than face

A&B are OUT because the past perfect "had" is not appropriate in this context.

C --> the use of "retiring" is not correct. An infinitive is required.
D --> BINGO
E --> face & rising are not parallel.

My answer is D

why should 'face' be parallel to 'rising' ? It should be the threats of lawsuits that should be parallel to the rising costs of malpractice insurance (which is anyways not underlined) .

'face' is a verb which is common to both 'the threats of lawsuits' and 'the rising costs of malpractice insurance'.

OA is E.

At first look even I found D to be the correct option. But after more investigation I chose option E. The above explanation is good.... I went thru the similar logic...

why should 'face' be parallel to 'rising' ? It should be the threats of lawsuits that should be parallel to the rising costs of malpractice insurance (which is anyways not underlined) .

'face' is a verb which is common to both 'the threats of lawsuits' and 'the rising costs of malpractice insurance'.

OA is E.

HI suraj,

In your example rising is not verb, Its gerund form of noun.. Noun is "should BE"

But in the posted question , Verbs are retire and face
It has to be parallel at any cost.. You can never violate parallelism
rule in gmat . The most important rule.. Its quite tricky until u get used to it.

srn wrote:24. A recent study has found that within the past few years, many doctors had elected early retirement rather than face the threats of lawsuits and the rising costs of malpractice insurance.

(A) had elected early retirement rather than face
(B) had elected early retirement instead of facing
(C) have elected retiring early instead of facing
(D) have elected to retire early rather than facing
(E) have elected to retire early rather than face

"to" is implied after "rather than". "to" does not have to be repeated. It can be omitted to curb redundancy. (MGMAT SC 3rd ed. p.68)
(D) states --> many doctors have elected to retire early rather than (to) facing the threats... (This is not correct)

(E) states --> many doctors have elected to retire early rather than (to) face the threats... (This sounds much better)

srn wrote:24. A recent study has found that within the past few years, many doctors had elected early retirement rather than face the threats of lawsuits and the rising costs of malpractice insurance.

(A) had elected early retirement rather than face
(B) had elected early retirement instead of facing
(C) have elected retiring early instead of facing
(D) have elected to retire early rather than facing
(E) have elected to retire early rather than face

E for parallesism

to retire - to face

"rather than" make sense here

srn wrote:why should 'face' be parallel to 'rising' ? It should be the threats of lawsuits that should be parallel to the rising costs of malpractice insurance (which is anyways not underlined) .

'face' is a verb which is common to both 'the threats of lawsuits' and 'the rising costs of malpractice insurance'.

OA is E.

Amazing explanation ! really amazing not many will catch this at first shot...

GUys between C and E i chose C..not choosing E because of the hidden "to".
In "C" retiring and facing are parallel so why is it wrong??

can any one explain ... why we can not use had or past perfect tense ?

I thought it is more logical because it will create sequence of events in time line. So if present perfect " A recent study has found that within the past few years" then whatever it found must be before it so it must be past .. " .. doctors had elected early retirement rather than face .. "

Please explain this concept.

Thanks in advance

hi,
I had similar reasoning for choosing had over have. any explanations please ...

IMO C

IMO E

A.. Wrong uses Past Perfect should be Present Perfect, Action started in past and still going on
B.. Same as Above
C.. Retiring early , wrong not parallel to face
D.. wrong idion rather than facing
E.. correct

C.. Retiring early , wrong not parallel to face

Can't find 'face' in option C.