Sentence Correction

Twenty-two feet long and 10 feet in diameter, the AM-1 is one of the many new satellites that is a part of 15 years effort of subjecting the interactions of Earth's atmosphere, oceans, and land surfaces to detailed scrutiny from space.

A. satellites that is a part of 15 years effort of subjecting the interactions of Earth's atmosphere, oceans, and land surfaces
B. satellites, which is a part of a 15-year effort to subject how Earth's atmosphere, oceans, and land surfaces interact
C. satellites, part of 15 years effort of subjecting how Earth's atmosphere, oceans, and land surfaces are interacting
D. satellites that are part of an effort for 15 years that has subjected the interactions of Earth's atmosphere, oceans, and land surfaces
E. satellites that are part of a 15-year effort to subject the interactions of Earth's atmosphere, ocean, and land surfaces

Well the question has been discussed before, but there is no clear answer yet...
Please post your answers with explanation...

IMO E

Discarded A, B and C as the rule

X is one of the Xs THAT Plural verb required

Out of D and E, in D the second THAT does not have a proper referent.

Yeah i pretty much had a similar reasoning..
but E does change the meaning of the sentence..
and D some what keeps it intact... though it is a lot more wordier and awkward...

anyways... just recheck ur answer... as in reference to other posts... i feel the OA might be
D

ONE OF constructions depend upon the context. If the object appearing after the preposition- 'of' is essential to the meaning of the sentence then these constructions take the case of that object. Here THAT introduces an essential modifier after satellites hence the verb needs to be plural.'ONE OF' cases without essential modifiers succeeding the subject will be singular

I totally agree 'One of the ' construction is either plural or singular depending on context.

One of the apples from the basket is rotten. (particular apple)

She is one of the contestants who have prior knowledge of cat-walk.(talking about all those contestants)

Here "that" logically modifies the preceding noun "many satellites", so it takes plural verb.