Sentence Correction

Although the Supreme Court ruled as long ago as 1880 that Blacks could not be excluded outright from jury service, nearly a century of case-by-case adjudication has been necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be drawn from “a fair cross section of the community.”
(A) has been necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be
(B) was necessary for developing and enforcing the principle of all juries being
(C) was to be necessary in developing and enforcing the principle of all juries to be
(D) is necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be
(E) will be necessary for developing and enforcing the principle of all juries being


OA - A

Requesting any of moderators to help analyse the above problem .... ....

rahuljones1 wrote:Although the Supreme Court ruled as long ago as 1880 that Blacks could not be excluded outright from jury service, nearly a century of case-by-case adjudication has been necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be drawn from “a fair cross section of the community.”
(A) has been necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be
(B) was necessary for developing and enforcing the principle of all juries being
(C) was to be necessary in developing and enforcing the principle of all juries to be
(D) is necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be
(E) will be necessary for developing and enforcing the principle of all juries being


OA - A

See MGMAT SC, page 129, for an explanation of why the present perfect is necessary in this sentence. "A" is correct because it correctly communicates that an action occured in the past, and that the action has a continuing effect in the present. We're talking about two actions that occured in sequence here, so the present perfect is needed.

Can you please explain why you feel that the issue has the continued effect in the presence?

I thought : A century was required to enforce the principle. Now it is enforced. It is a matter of past. Hence it requires a simple past.

Pls let me know where i went wrong in my thinking.

ken3233 wrote:

rahuljones1 wrote:Although the Supreme Court ruled as long ago as 1880 that Blacks could not be excluded outright from jury service, nearly a century of case-by-case adjudication has been necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be drawn from “a fair cross section of the community.”
(A) has been necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be
(B) was necessary for developing and enforcing the principle of all juries being
(C) was to be necessary in developing and enforcing the principle of all juries to be
(D) is necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be
(E) will be necessary for developing and enforcing the principle of all juries being


OA - A

See MGMAT SC, page 129, for an explanation of why the past perfect is necessary in this sentence. "A" is correct because it correctly communicates that an action occured in the past, and that the action has a continuing effect in the present. We're talking about two actions that occured in sequence here, so the past perfect is needed.

But "A" is present perfect....

Do u mean to say past or present ?

goelmohit2002 wrote:

ken3233 wrote:

rahuljones1 wrote:Although the Supreme Court ruled as long ago as 1880 that Blacks could not be excluded outright from jury service, nearly a century of case-by-case adjudication has been necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be drawn from “a fair cross section of the community.”
(A) has been necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be
(B) was necessary for developing and enforcing the principle of all juries being
(C) was to be necessary in developing and enforcing the principle of all juries to be
(D) is necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be
(E) will be necessary for developing and enforcing the principle of all juries being


OA - A

See MGMAT SC, page 129, for an explanation of why the past perfect is necessary in this sentence. "A" is correct because it correctly communicates that an action occured in the past, and that the action has a continuing effect in the present. We're talking about two actions that occured in sequence here, so the past perfect is needed.

But "A" is present perfect....

Do u mean to say past or present ?

Yes, you are correct...I made a mistake and said "past perfect" when I meant "present perfect."

moorthy76 wrote:Can you please explain why you feel that the issue has the continued effect in the presence?

I thought : A century was required to enforce the principle. Now it is enforced. It is a matter of past. Hence it requires a simple past.

Pls let me know where i went wrong in my thinking.

I think the logic here is that today -- in the present -- we are still living under the effect of the principle that the 1880 ruling initiated. The principle mandated by the court was meant to be permanent and ongoing; it was not meant to be operative for a certain length of time then terminated. Thus, the sentence is talking about something (the effect of the principle on society) that is still happening today.

That's just my two cents, I may be wrong.

Even if your logic is correct, however, it is clear that the only answer choices using the simple past ("B" and "C") are incorrect for reasons aside from tense, as they are ungrammatical or wordy.

Idiom is 'Necessary to'. Eliminate B C E

Left with A & D. One present perfect other simple present.

Now think through, Case by case jurisdiction started in the past but hasn't still stopped, it is still continuing. Chronological order we have. So use the complex tense.

A it is

Cheers!

But why are we doing vertical split based on idiom....why not based on tenses...

Can somebody please tell why present tense is correct here ? why not past perfect should be correct here ?

goelmohit2002 wrote:But why are we doing vertical split based on idiom....why not based on tenses...

Can somebody please tell why present tense is correct here ? why not past perfect should be correct here ?

The sentence talks about a past action that is still in effect now, therefore the present perfect is appropriate. See page 129 of the MGMAT SC for an explanation of the present perfect, and page 131 for an explanation of the past perfect.

This is problem is indeed very tricky; I can understand why you are tempted to use the past perfect in your answer.

I don't know what to say about your idiom question...I'm still learning that myself.