In the first M games of a team´s season, the ratio of the team´s wins to its losses was 1:2. In the subsequent N games, the ratio of the team´s wins to losses was 1:3. If M:N = 4:5, what was the ratio of the team´s wins to its losses for all M+N games?
a) 7:18
b) 9:23
c) 11:27
d) 23:54
e) 31:77
[/spoiler]e
Ratio
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Given:jose.mario.amaya wrote:In the first M games of a team´s season, the ratio of the team´s wins to its losses was 1:2. In the subsequent N games, the ratio of the team´s wins to losses was 1:3. If M:N = 4:5, what was the ratio of the team´s wins to its losses for all M+N games?
a) 7:18
b) 9:23
c) 11:27
d) 23:54
e) 37:77
First M games, the team won 1/3 of its games
Next N games, the team won 1/4 of its games
If M:N = 4:5, we know that, out of every 9 games, 4 are from the first set of M games, and 5 are from the set of N games.
In other words, 4/9 of the games are from set M, and 5/9 are from set N.
When we combine all games, we have a weighted average of the two sets of games. So, we'll use this formula:
Weighted average = (group A proportion)(group A average) + (group B proportion)(group B average) + (group C proportion)(group C average) + ...
So, weighted average = (group M proportion)(group M average) + (group N proportion)(group N average)
= (4/9)(1/3) + (5/9)(1/4)
= 4/27 + 5/36
= 16/108 + 15/108
= 31/108
So, in total, the team won 31/108 of it's games.
This means it lost 108-31 games. So, it lost 77 games.
So, for all M+N games, the win:loss ratio = [spoiler]31:77[/spoiler]
Cheers,
Brent
For more information on weighted averages, you can watch this free GMAT Prep Now video: https://www.gmatprepnow.com/module/gmat- ... ics?id=805
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M:jose.mario.amaya wrote:In the first M games of a team´s season, the ratio of the team´s wins to its losses was 1:2. In the subsequent N games, the ratio of the team´s wins to losses was 1:3. If M:N = 4:5, what was the ratio of the team´s wins to its losses for all M+N games?
a) 7:18
b) 9:23
c) 11:27
d) 23:54
e) 31:77
Since wins to losses = 1:2, of every 3 games, 1 game is won.
Thus, wins/total = 1/3.
N:
Since wins to losses = 1:3, of every 4 games, 1 game is won.
Thus, wins/total = 1/4.
We can plug in for M and N.
To make the math easy, multiply M:N = 4:5 by the denominators in red above:
M:N = (4*3*4) : (5*3*4) = 48:60.
Let M = 48 games and N = 60 games.
Since 1/3 of the M games are won, M games won = (1/3)48 = 16, implying that M games lost = 48-16 = 32.
Since 1/4 of the N games are won, N games won = (1/4)60 = 15, implying that N games lost = 60-15 = 45.
Thus:
(total won) : (total lost) = (16+15) : (32+45) = 31:77.
The correct answer is E.
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M matches - M/3 wins, 2M/3 lossesjose.mario.amaya wrote:In the first M games of a team´s season, the ratio of the team´s wins to its losses was 1:2. In the subsequent N games, the ratio of the team´s wins to losses was 1:3. If M:N = 4:5, what was the ratio of the team´s wins to its losses for all M+N games?
a) 7:18
b) 9:23
c) 11:27
d) 23:54
e) 31:77
[/spoiler]e
N matches - N/4 wins, 3N/4 losses
M+N matches - [ M/3 + N/4 ] wins, [ 2M/3 + 3N/4 ] losses
M:N = 4:5 => Put M = 4, N=5 above.
Wins 31/12 ; Losses 77/12 => W:L = 31:77
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Dear GMATGuru,GMATGuruNY wrote:M:jose.mario.amaya wrote:In the first M games of a team´s season, the ratio of the team´s wins to its losses was 1:2. In the subsequent N games, the ratio of the team´s wins to losses was 1:3. If M:N = 4:5, what was the ratio of the team´s wins to its losses for all M+N games?
a) 7:18
b) 9:23
c) 11:27
d) 23:54
e) 31:77
Since wins to losses = 1:2, of every 3 games, 1 game is won.
Thus, wins/total = 1/3.
N:
Since wins to losses = 1:3, of every 4 games, 1 game is won.
Thus, wins/total = 1/4.
We can plug in for M and N.
To make the math easy, multiply M:N = 4:5 by the denominators in red above:
M:N = (4*3*4) : (5*3*4) = 48:60.
Let M = 48 games and N = 60 games.
Since 1/3 of the M games are won, M games won = (1/3)48 = 16, implying that M games lost = 48-16 = 32.
Since 1/4 of the N games are won, N games won = (1/4)60 = 15, implying that N games lost = 60-15 = 45.
Thus:
(total won) : (total lost) = (16+15) : (32+45) = 31:77.
The correct answer is E.
While I followed your method in my original solutions, I tried to use the alligation method. I treated both M & N like a mix of water and alcohol.
I used the 'win' part of each game of M & N
Win games of M = 1/3 = 4/12
Win games of N = 1/4= 3/12
M................Mix................N
4/12...................................3/12
So difference = 1/12
However, I stumbled in the above..............How can I continue?
Can you help please? Thanks
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Let S = the entire season (in other words, the mixture of M and N).Mo2men wrote:Dear GMATGuru,
While I followed your method in my original solutions, I tried to use the alligation method. I treated both M & N like a mix of water and alcohol.
I used the 'win' part of each game of M & N
Win games of M = 1/3 = 4/12
Win games of N = 1/4= 3/12
M................Mix................N
4/12...................................3/12
So difference = 1/12
However, I stumbled in the above..............How can I continue?
Can you help please? Thanks
Alligation can be performed only with percentages or fractions.
Step 1: Convert the ratios to FRACTIONS.
M:
Since win:losses = 1:2, and 1+2=3, wins/total = 1/3.
N:
Since wins:losses = 1:3, and 1+3=4, wins/total = 1/4.
Step 2: Put the fractions over a COMMON DENOMINATOR.
M = 1/3 = 4/12.
N = 1/4 = 3/12.
Step 3: Plot the fractions on a number line, with M and N on the ends and S in the middle.
M 4/12-----------S-----------3/12 M
Step 4: Calculate the distances between M, S and N.
Since M:N = 4:5, the distances on the number line are yielded by the RECIPROCAL of this ratio:
5x:4x.
Plotting the distances on the number line, we get:
M 4/12----5x----S----4x----3/12 N
Step 5: Determine the value of x.
The number line indicates that the total distance (5x+4x) is equal to the difference between 4/12 and 3/12:
5x+4x = 4/12 - 3/12
9x = 1/12
x = 1/108.
Thus:
wins/total in S = (M's fraction) - 5x = 4/12 - 5(1/108) = 36/108 - 5/108 = 31/108.
Implication:
Of every 108 games, 31 games are wins, implying that the remaining 77 games are losses.
Thus in S:
wins:losses = 31:77.
The correct answer is E.
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Hi All,
We're told that a in the first M games of a team´s season, the ratio of the team´s wins to its losses was 1:2 and in the subsequent N games, the ratio of the team´s wins to losses was 1:3. If M:N = 4:5, we're asked for the ratio of the team´s wins to its losses for all M+N games. This question can be approached in a number of different ways, including by TESTing VALUES.
For the first M games, the ratio 1:2 means that for every 1 win, there were 2 losses, so M MUST be a multiple of 3.
For the next N games, the ratio 1:3 means that for every 1 win, there were 3 losses, so N MUST be a multiple of 4.
With the ratio of M:N, M MUST also be a multiple of 4 and N MUST be an equivalent multiple of 5.
All of these rules severely limits the possible values of M and N. Let's start with N, since it has to be a multiple of 4 AND 5. Thus, N could be 20, 40, 60, 80, etc. We'll have to do a little bit of additional work to find a pair of values that fits everything that we're told....
IF...
N = 20, then M:N = 4:5 would mean that M would have to be 16, but that is NOT possible (since M must be a multiple of 3)....
N = 40, then M:N = 4:5 would mean that M would have to be 32, but that is NOT possible (since M must be a multiple of 3)....
N = 60, then M:N = 4:5 would mean that M would have to be 48, and that IS possible.
IF....
M = 48, then the ratio of 1 win to 2 losses means that there were 16 wins and 32 losses in the first 48 games
N = 60, then the ratio of 1 win to 3 losses means that there were 15 wins and 45 losses in the next 60 games
Total wins = 16+15 = 31 and Total losses = 32+45 = 77 losses
Final Answer: E
GMAT assassins aren't born, they're made,
Rich
We're told that a in the first M games of a team´s season, the ratio of the team´s wins to its losses was 1:2 and in the subsequent N games, the ratio of the team´s wins to losses was 1:3. If M:N = 4:5, we're asked for the ratio of the team´s wins to its losses for all M+N games. This question can be approached in a number of different ways, including by TESTing VALUES.
For the first M games, the ratio 1:2 means that for every 1 win, there were 2 losses, so M MUST be a multiple of 3.
For the next N games, the ratio 1:3 means that for every 1 win, there were 3 losses, so N MUST be a multiple of 4.
With the ratio of M:N, M MUST also be a multiple of 4 and N MUST be an equivalent multiple of 5.
All of these rules severely limits the possible values of M and N. Let's start with N, since it has to be a multiple of 4 AND 5. Thus, N could be 20, 40, 60, 80, etc. We'll have to do a little bit of additional work to find a pair of values that fits everything that we're told....
IF...
N = 20, then M:N = 4:5 would mean that M would have to be 16, but that is NOT possible (since M must be a multiple of 3)....
N = 40, then M:N = 4:5 would mean that M would have to be 32, but that is NOT possible (since M must be a multiple of 3)....
N = 60, then M:N = 4:5 would mean that M would have to be 48, and that IS possible.
IF....
M = 48, then the ratio of 1 win to 2 losses means that there were 16 wins and 32 losses in the first 48 games
N = 60, then the ratio of 1 win to 3 losses means that there were 15 wins and 45 losses in the next 60 games
Total wins = 16+15 = 31 and Total losses = 32+45 = 77 losses
Final Answer: E
GMAT assassins aren't born, they're made,
Rich