Unit digit problem from GMATPrep

This topic has expert replies
User avatar
Senior | Next Rank: 100 Posts
Posts: 58
Joined: Mon Nov 07, 2011 7:44 pm
Location: Washington DC
Thanked: 1 times

Unit digit problem from GMATPrep

by iwillsurvive101 » Thu May 24, 2012 6:37 pm
If a = positive, and unit digit of a^2 = 9 and units digit of (a+1)^2 is 4, what is the unit digit of (a+2)^2?

The explanation in GMATPrep does not make sense to me.

Here is how I approached it, but not going anywhere with this solution.

- For Unit digit problems, my approach is to always find out individual unit digits, add them(or multiple etc).

(a+1)^2 = a^2 + 2a + 1 --> The addition of these 3 terms leave a unit digit of 4.

a^2(leaves unit digit of 9) + 1 + 2a = should leave 4 in unit
10 + 2a = should leave 4 in unit digit.

=> 2a has to have a 4 in the unit place

Possible values of a to test are a=2, a=6

If a =2 ==> (a+2) ^2 = 8 (not one of the given answer choice)
If a =6 ==> (a+a) ^2 = 64 (not one of the given ans choice)

I am stuck!

Btw Possible answer choices (1, 3, 5, 6, 14)

GMAT/MBA Expert

User avatar
GMAT Instructor
Posts: 3835
Joined: Fri Apr 02, 2010 10:00 pm
Location: Milpitas, CA
Thanked: 1854 times
Followed by:523 members
GMAT Score:770

by Anurag@Gurome » Thu May 24, 2012 7:44 pm
iwillsurvive101 wrote:If a = positive, and unit digit of a^2 = 9 and units digit of (a+1)^2 is 4, what is the unit digit of (a+2)^2?

The explanation in GMATPrep does not make sense to me.

Here is how I approached it, but not going anywhere with this solution.

- For Unit digit problems, my approach is to always find out individual unit digits, add them(or multiple etc).

(a+1)^2 = a^2 + 2a + 1 --> The addition of these 3 terms leave a unit digit of 4.

a^2(leaves unit digit of 9) + 1 + 2a = should leave 4 in unit
10 + 2a = should leave 4 in unit digit.

=> 2a has to have a 4 in the unit place

Possible values of a to test are a=2, a=6

If a =2 ==> (a+2) ^2 = 8 (not one of the given answer choice)
If a =6 ==> (a+a) ^2 = 64 (not one of the given ans choice)

I am stuck!

Btw Possible answer choices (1, 3, 5, 6, 14)
If a = 3, then a² = 9 (satisfied), (a + 1)² = 4² = 16 (not satisfied)
If a = 7, then a² = 49 (satisfied), (a + 1)² = 8² = 64 (satisfied)
So, a = 7 is the only possibility.
(a + 2)² = 9² = 81
Units digit of (a + 2)² is 1.

The correct answer is A.
Anurag Mairal, Ph.D., MBA
GMAT Expert, Admissions and Career Guidance
Gurome, Inc.
1-800-566-4043 (USA)

Join Our Facebook Groups
GMAT with Gurome
https://www.facebook.com/groups/272466352793633/
Admissions with Gurome
https://www.facebook.com/groups/461459690536574/
Career Advising with Gurome
https://www.facebook.com/groups/360435787349781/