For almost a hundred years after having its beginning in 1788, England exiled some 160,000 criminals to Australia.
(A) For almost a hundred years after having its beginning in 1788
(B) Beginning in 1788 for a period of a hundred years
(C) Beginning a period of almost a hundred years, in 1788
(D) During a hundred years, a period beginning in 1788
(E) Over a period of a hundred years beginning in 1788
In A, B and C, 'beginning' implies that England started in 1788. Not intended meaning. Eliminate A, B & C
But why D is wrong?
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- richachampion
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Please do post the question source.Mo2men wrote:
But why D is wrong?
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An introductory VERBing modifier must serve to modify the FOLLOWING SUBJECT.Mo2men wrote:For almost a hundred years after having its beginning in 1788, England exiled some 160,000 criminals to Australia.
(A) For almost a hundred years after having its beginning in 1788
(B) Beginning in 1788 for a period of a hundred years
(C) Beginning a period of almost a hundred years, in 1788
(D) During a hundred years, a period beginning in 1788
(E) Over a period of a hundred years beginning in 1788
In A, having seems to modify England -- the following subject -- implying that ENGLAND was HAVING its beginning in 1788.
The intended meaning is that the EXILE OF PRISONERS began in 1788.
Eliminate A.
In B and C, beginning seems to modify England -- the following subject -- implying that ENGLAND was BEGINNING.
The intended meaning is that the EXILE OF PRISONERS began in 1788.
Eliminate B and C.
during must serve to refer to a period of time or an event that has a DEFINITE BEGINNING AND END.
D: During a hundred years, a period beginning in 1788, England exiled.
Here, the blue portion is enclosed in commas, implying that this portion is NON-ESSENTIAL.
If we remove this non-essential modifier, we get:
During a hundred years, England exiled.
The time period in red does NOT have a definite beginning and end.
Eliminate D.
The correct answer is E.
An OA with during:
Between 1990 and 2000 the global economy grew more than it did during the 10,000 years from the beginning of agriculture to 1950.
Here, the time period in blue has a definite beginning and end.
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Followed here and elsewhere by over 1900 test-takers.
I have worked with students based in the US, Australia, Taiwan, China, Tajikistan, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia -- a long list of countries.
My students have been admitted to HBS, CBS, Tuck, Yale, Stern, Fuqua -- a long list of top programs.
As a tutor, I don't simply teach you how I would approach problems.
I unlock the best way for YOU to solve problems.
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