Critical Reasoning

Most people believe that yawning is most powerfully triggered by seeing someone else yawn. This belief about yawning is widespread not only today, but also has been commonplace in many parts of the world in the past, if we are to believe historians of popular culture. Thus, seeing someone else yawn must be the most irresistible cause of yawning.
The argument is most vulnerable to which one of the following criticisms?
(A) It attempts to support its conclusion solely by restating that conclusion in other words.
(B) It cites the evidence of historians of popular culture in direct support of a claim that lies outside their area of expertise.
(C) It makes a sweeping generalization about yawning based on evidence drawn from a limited number of atypical cases.
(D) It supports its conclusion by appealing solely to opinion in a matter that is largely factual.
(E) It takes for granted that yawns have no cause other than the one it cites.
18.

D is the answer.

The truth value of X doesn't depend upon the the truth value of "I believe that X". Thats why "that" is called intentional predicate.

yep it should be D.

Agree that 'D' is the answer. But can anyone explain the reason to rule out 'E'?

mehravikas wrote:Agree that 'D' is the answer. But can anyone explain the reason to rule out 'E'?

Because the conclusion is about the "most irresistable" cause, so he is not in fact assuming there are no other causes--just weaker ones.

I will Go with option D in this case.