Data Sufficiency

A company bought some desks at a price of $150 each and some chairs at a price of $50 each. Did the company buy more than 40 chairs?

The total price of the desk and chairs is 5,000
The company bought fewer than 20 desks

Can some experts explain a systematic approach for solving optimization type problems, I am usually lost as to where to start on such problems.

Please explain your approach by helping solve this problem from GMAtprep software. As many creative approaches as possible.

OA is C

Thanks for your help

Kaps

Given 150d + 50c

is c > 40 ?

1.150d + 50c = 5000
Only one eqn and we cannot solve

2.d < 20
Without the total cost and knowing # desks alone wouldn't help us find c.

comibining both. Use limits, we have an eqn and then d < 20

Assume d = 1.

150 +50c = 5000
50c = 4850
c = 97 so its greater than 40

Assume d = 19
150*19 + 50c = 5000
2850 + 50c =5000
50c = 2150
c = 43

So with both the statements either way we definitely have at least 40 chairs.

kaps786 wrote:A company bought some desks at a price of $150 each and some chairs at a price of $50 each. Did the company buy more than 40 chairs?

The total price of the desk and chairs is 5,000
The company bought fewer than 20 desks

Can some experts explain a systematic approach for solving optimization type problems, I am usually lost as to where to start on such problems.

Please explain your approach by helping solve this problem from GMAtprep software. As many creative approaches as possible.

OA is C

Thanks for your help

Kaps

Always start with the given

Desk price = $150
Chair price = $50

We let D = number of desks and C = number of chairs

The question is asking: is C > 40?

Statement (1) gives us: 150D + 50C = 5,000

C = 100 - 3D

Test values:
if....
D = 1 C = 97
D = 2 C = 94
D = 3 C = 91
D = 4 C = 88
and so on.. (we could see that we can't satisfy the equation)

Statement (2) gives us: D < 20

But this, in itself, doesn't help us = insufficient.

Statement (1) and Statement (2)

Here's how I do it

We know that d < 20, so I translate this as D = Lessthan20

Then I plug it in C = 100 - 3D
We have
C = 100 - 3(Lessthan20)
C = 100 - Lessthan60 (by intuition and a little bit of arithmetic)
C = Greaterthan 40 (by intuition and a little bit of arithmetic)

As such C > 40

We answered the question!

Sufficient! Answer is C!

Thanks all for your help and ideas; Mitch your approach is particularly elegant, thanks.

Question: Did the number of Chairs exceed 40?
What is required?
1. individual prizes of D and C(given)
2. Total amount spend (because we ll have a linear equation like nD + mC = ??/) NOT GIVEN
3. number of Desks or fraction of total amount spend on other entity(Desk) NOT GIVEN

Check both the S1 and S2 and start with the easier one. acc'ly use AD/BCE or BD/ACE
The total price of the desk and chairs is 5,000
The company bought fewer than 20 desks

Start with S2, the number of desk is less than 20. Could be 0 ,1,..or 19. Nothing is mentioned abt total amt. Hence Insufficient. BD ruled out.
Forget what we did in S2.
Start fresh with S1, only total amt spent is given, nothing regarding the number of D or C. Rule out A.

We are left with C and D,
Taking S1 and S2,Use extreme values.
nD + mC=5000
n < 20 Extreme value for n is 19. To make calc easier use n=20. With n=20 we get that m =40.
So with n <20 clearly m > 40 Hence C

See Image below.

Don't leave without reading the other explanations given above to see which one sticks best with you.

A company bought some desks at a price of $150 each and some chairs at a price of $50 each. Did the company buy more than 40 chairs?

1) The total price of the desk and chairs is 5,000
2) The company bought fewer than 20 desks

Given :
Price of Chair = $50, Let's say Number of Chairs Bought = C
Price of Desk = $150, Let's say Number of Desks Bought = D

Question : Is C > 40?

Statement 1) The total price of the desk and chairs is 5,000
i.e. 50C + 150D = 5000
i.e. C + 3D = 100
More than 1 Solutions are possible (e.g.C=25 & D=25 AND C=70 and D=10) therefore
INSUFFICIENT

Statement 2) The company bought fewer than 20 desks
No information about C therefore
INSUFFICIENT

Combining the two statements
C + 3D = 100 and D = 20
i.e. C = 40
SUFFICIENT

Answer: Option C