In virtually any industry

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In virtually any industry

by vk_vinayak » Thu Jun 21, 2012 10:11 am

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In virtually any industry, technological improvements increase labor productivity, which is the output of goods and services per person-hour worked. In Parland's industries, labor productivity is significantly higher than it is in Vergia's industries. Clearly, therefore, Parland's industries must, on the whole, be further advanced technologically than Vergia's are.

The argument is most vulnerable to which of the following criticisms?

A. It offers a conclusion that is no more than a paraphrase of one of the pieces of information provided in its support.

B. It presents as evidence in support of a claim information that is inconsistent with other evidence presented in support of the same claim.

C. It takes one possible cause of a condition to be the actual cause of that condition without considering any other possible causes.

D. It takes a condition to be the effect of something that happened only after the condition already existed.

E. It makes a distinction that presupposes the truth of the conclusion that is to be established.

Source: OG 13.
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by Bill@VeritasPrep » Thu Jun 21, 2012 10:27 am

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More technology = more productivity

Productivity in Parland > productivity in Vergia

Technology in Parland > technology in Vergia

A--No; the conclusion is the combination of the two premises, not simply a restatement of one of them.

B--I do not see any inconsistencies in the evidence.

C--correct; it is entirely possible that other factors have led to Parland being more productive. Better resources, more education, etc.

D--we don't really have information about timing here.

E--nope, no circular reasoning going on here.
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by Gaurav 2013-fall » Sun Jun 24, 2012 8:36 pm

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+1 for C
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