In late 1997, the chambers inside the pyramid of the Pharaoh Menkaure at Giza were closed to visitors for cleaning and repair due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing and fungus was growing on the walls.
(A) due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing
(B) due to moisture that tourists had exhaled, thereby raising its humidity to such levels that salt from the stone would crystallize
(e) because tourists were exhaling moisture, which had raised the humidity within them to levels such that salt from the stone would crystallize
(D) because of moisture that was exhaled by tourists raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from the stone crystallize
(E) because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing
OA[spoiler] (E)[/spoiler]
Pharaoh at Giza
-
- Legendary Member
- Posts: 2326
- Joined: Mon Jul 28, 2008 3:54 am
- Thanked: 173 times
- Followed by:2 members
- GMAT Score:710
This SC test two things,
usage of Due To V Because 2. Parallelism
was crystallising is parallel with was growing...( i think its verb based(present participle) parallelism).
When try to give a reason for some event or action use because.
Bingo !! E
usage of Due To V Because 2. Parallelism
was crystallising is parallel with was growing...( i think its verb based(present participle) parallelism).
When try to give a reason for some event or action use because.
Bingo !! E
-
- Master | Next Rank: 500 Posts
- Posts: 221
- Joined: Mon Dec 22, 2008 6:24 pm
- Thanked: 2 times
IMO (E)..
parallelism here....
Crystallizing..... fungus growing....
Choice (A) is rejected because.... "due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity" because humidity is raised by moisture exhalation, not by tourist.
parallelism here....
Crystallizing..... fungus growing....
Choice (A) is rejected because.... "due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity" because humidity is raised by moisture exhalation, not by tourist.
- harshavardhanc
- Legendary Member
- Posts: 526
- Joined: Sat Feb 21, 2009 11:47 pm
- Location: India
- Thanked: 68 times
- GMAT Score:680
First of all, if you will not choose them here, you will have to go with its as the pronoun for chambers. Will it be correct?sarthak wrote:The pronoun "them" in E refers to tourists suggesting humidity has increased inside tourists ... so how can E be right ? any explanation ?
Now as far as them is concerned, I think, it refers to the direct object of the verb in the previous clause( verb: closed object: chambers).
Remember, to visitors is a prepositional phrase and tourists is the object of preposition.
Regards,
Harsha
Harsha
-
- Senior | Next Rank: 100 Posts
- Posts: 36
- Joined: Tue Jun 22, 2010 6:52 am
- Thanked: 1 times
- GMAT Score:760
I too have the same question. The only explanation could be that the subject of the sentence is "The Chambers". But then, the pronoun "them" is not in the same case as the subject itself. Also, other options are worse than (E).sarthak wrote:The pronoun "them" in E refers to tourists suggesting humidity has increased inside tourists ... so how can E be right ? any explanation ?
Hi ,Vipulvp wrote:I too have the same question. The only explanation could be that the subject of the sentence is "The Chambers". But then, the pronoun "them" is not in the same case as the subject itself. Also, other options are worse than (E).sarthak wrote:The pronoun "them" in E refers to tourists suggesting humidity has increased inside tourists ... so how can E be right ? any explanation ?
I was just wondering why them refers to tourists in option C and D but not in E?
GMAT/MBA Expert
- e-GMAT
- GMAT Instructor
- Posts: 645
- Joined: Mon Jul 26, 2010 12:42 pm
- Location: US
- Thanked: 527 times
- Followed by:227 members
GMAT's stand on the issue of pronoun ambiguity is not as clear as it is for other grammatical errors. For this reason, unless the pronoun ambiguity is absolutely clear, it is suggested to arrive at the correct answer by using more obvious errors first and then use the pronoun ambiguity error on an as-needed basis.
This is one of those questions that can be very easily solved by using other more obvious errors: Below I have listed other errors:
In late 1997, the chambers inside the pyramid of the Pharaoh Menkaure at Giza were closed to visitors for cleaning and repair due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing and fungus was growing on the walls.
(A) due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing
1: Modifier Error - which refers to tourists
2: Pronoun Number - "its" should refer to "chambers" - thus number error.
3: Meaning - Use of "due to" implies that the closure of chambers was caused by moisture. This is not correct because closure was caused by the effect of the moisture as explained in choice E.
(B) due to moisture that tourists had exhaled, thereby raising its humidity to such levels that salt from the stone would crystallize
1: Verb tense - had exhaled is incorrect verb tense.
2: Parallelism - "salt would crystallize" is not parallel to "fungus was growing".
3: Meaning - Use of "due to" implies that the closure of chambers was caused by moisture. This is not correct because closure was caused by the effect of the moisture as explained in choice E.
(C) because tourists were exhaling moisture, which had raised the humidity within them to levels such that salt from the stone would crystallize
1: Verb Tense - " were exhaling" is incorrect verb tense; "had raised" is incorrect verb tense.
2: Parallelism - "salt would crystallize" is not parallel to "fungus was growing".
(D) because of moisture that was exhaled by tourists raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from the stone crystallize
1: Modifier Error - "raising humidity" appears to modify "tourists" - incorrect
2: Parallelism - "salt crystallize" is not parallel to "fungus was growing".
(E) because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing
Correct.
This is one of those questions that can be very easily solved by using other more obvious errors: Below I have listed other errors:
In late 1997, the chambers inside the pyramid of the Pharaoh Menkaure at Giza were closed to visitors for cleaning and repair due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing and fungus was growing on the walls.
(A) due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing
1: Modifier Error - which refers to tourists
2: Pronoun Number - "its" should refer to "chambers" - thus number error.
3: Meaning - Use of "due to" implies that the closure of chambers was caused by moisture. This is not correct because closure was caused by the effect of the moisture as explained in choice E.
(B) due to moisture that tourists had exhaled, thereby raising its humidity to such levels that salt from the stone would crystallize
1: Verb tense - had exhaled is incorrect verb tense.
2: Parallelism - "salt would crystallize" is not parallel to "fungus was growing".
3: Meaning - Use of "due to" implies that the closure of chambers was caused by moisture. This is not correct because closure was caused by the effect of the moisture as explained in choice E.
(C) because tourists were exhaling moisture, which had raised the humidity within them to levels such that salt from the stone would crystallize
1: Verb Tense - " were exhaling" is incorrect verb tense; "had raised" is incorrect verb tense.
2: Parallelism - "salt would crystallize" is not parallel to "fungus was growing".
(D) because of moisture that was exhaled by tourists raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from the stone crystallize
1: Modifier Error - "raising humidity" appears to modify "tourists" - incorrect
2: Parallelism - "salt crystallize" is not parallel to "fungus was growing".
(E) because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing
Correct.
Register for free live sessions
Sentence Correction: Get 4 free video lessons, 50 practice questions
Critical Reasoning workshop: Get 4 free video lessons, 40 practice questions
Reading Comprehension: Get 2 free video lessons and 2 free eBooks
Free Strategy Session: Key strategy to score 760
Success Stories
V27 to V42 | V28 to V48 | V25 to V38 | More Success Stories
Sentence Correction: Get 4 free video lessons, 50 practice questions
Critical Reasoning workshop: Get 4 free video lessons, 40 practice questions
Reading Comprehension: Get 2 free video lessons and 2 free eBooks
Free Strategy Session: Key strategy to score 760
Success Stories
V27 to V42 | V28 to V48 | V25 to V38 | More Success Stories
- bacchewar_prashant
- Senior | Next Rank: 100 Posts
- Posts: 39
- Joined: Tue Sep 28, 2010 11:34 pm
- Thanked: 1 times
IS there any difference between due to and because?
Also in answer choice D modification error mentioned is not clear to me. Can you please elaborate?
Also in answer choice D modification error mentioned is not clear to me. Can you please elaborate?
-
- Master | Next Rank: 500 Posts
- Posts: 273
- Joined: Thu Sep 08, 2011 6:50 am
- Thanked: 5 times
- Followed by:3 members
whats the difference between due to and because of?komal wrote:In late 1997, the chambers inside the pyramid of the Pharaoh Menkaure at Giza were closed to visitors for cleaning and repair due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing and fungus was growing on the walls.
(A) due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing
(B) due to moisture that tourists had exhaled, thereby raising its humidity to such levels that salt from the stone would crystallize
(e) because tourists were exhaling moisture, which had raised the humidity within them to levels such that salt from the stone would crystallize
(D) because of moisture that was exhaled by tourists raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from the stone crystallize
(E) because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing
OA[spoiler] (E)[/spoiler]
and also, why does tem refer to chambers in e, but them refers to tourists in C. E sounds like the moisture exhaled by tourists was raising the humidity within the tourists.
i chose option A, but at the time i did not look at its contradicting singular/plural.
- Bill@VeritasPrep
- GMAT Instructor
- Posts: 1248
- Joined: Thu Mar 29, 2012 2:57 pm
- Location: Everywhere
- Thanked: 503 times
- Followed by:192 members
- GMAT Score:780
Here's a pretty good explanation of because vs. due to that I found: https://web.ku.edu/~edit/because.html
Join Veritas Prep's 2010 Instructor of the Year, Matt Douglas for GMATT Mondays
Visit the Veritas Prep Blog
Try the FREE Veritas Prep Practice Test
Visit the Veritas Prep Blog
Try the FREE Veritas Prep Practice Test
-
- Master | Next Rank: 500 Posts
- Posts: 273
- Joined: Thu Sep 08, 2011 6:50 am
- Thanked: 5 times
- Followed by:3 members
Bill@VeritasPrep wrote:Here's a pretty good explanation of because vs. due to that I found: https://web.ku.edu/~edit/because.html[/quote
Hi Bill,
Thanks for the link! i read it and did those practice questions. 3 of 5
but for our example here, just so i'm clear, we need to use "because of" is because "moisture exhaled by tourists" modifies "closed", which is a verb. and because of works as an adverb?
- Bill@VeritasPrep
- GMAT Instructor
- Posts: 1248
- Joined: Thu Mar 29, 2012 2:57 pm
- Location: Everywhere
- Thanked: 503 times
- Followed by:192 members
- GMAT Score:780
fangtray wrote:Right. "Due to" is used for nouns and pronouns; "closed" is neither, so we use "because of."Bill@VeritasPrep wrote:Here's a pretty good explanation of because vs. due to that I found: https://web.ku.edu/~edit/because.html[/quote
Hi Bill,
Thanks for the link! i read it and did those practice questions. 3 of 5
but for our example here, just so i'm clear, we need to use "because of" is because "moisture exhaled by tourists" modifies "closed", which is a verb. and because of works as an adverb?
Join Veritas Prep's 2010 Instructor of the Year, Matt Douglas for GMATT Mondays
Visit the Veritas Prep Blog
Try the FREE Veritas Prep Practice Test
Visit the Veritas Prep Blog
Try the FREE Veritas Prep Practice Test
- Ashishkapoor7
- Senior | Next Rank: 100 Posts
- Posts: 35
- Joined: Fri Jan 14, 2011 4:04 am
- Thanked: 1 times
e-GMAT wrote:GMAT's stand on the issue of pronoun ambiguity is not as clear as it is for other grammatical errors. For this reason, unless the pronoun ambiguity is absolutely clear, it is suggested to arrive at the correct answer by using more obvious errors first and then use the pronoun ambiguity error on an as-needed basis.
This is one of those questions that can be very easily solved by using other more obvious errors: Below I have listed other errors:
In late 1997, the chambers inside the pyramid of the Pharaoh Menkaure at Giza were closed to visitors for cleaning and repair due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing and fungus was growing on the walls.
(A) due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing
1: Modifier Error - which refers to tourists
2: Pronoun Number - "its" should refer to "chambers" - thus number error.
3: Meaning - Use of "due to" implies that the closure of chambers was caused by moisture. This is not correct because closure was caused by the effect of the moisture as explained in choice E.
(B) due to moisture that tourists had exhaled, thereby raising its humidity to such levels that salt from the stone would crystallize
1: Verb tense - had exhaled is incorrect verb tense.
2: Parallelism - "salt would crystallize" is not parallel to "fungus was growing".
3: Meaning - Use of "due to" implies that the closure of chambers was caused by moisture. This is not correct because closure was caused by the effect of the moisture as explained in choice E.
(C) because tourists were exhaling moisture, which had raised the humidity within them to levels such that salt from the stone would crystallize
1: Verb Tense - " were exhaling" is incorrect verb tense; "had raised" is incorrect verb tense.
2: Parallelism - "salt would crystallize" is not parallel to "fungus was growing".
(D) because of moisture that was exhaled by tourists raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from the stone crystallize
1: Modifier Error - "raising humidity" appears to modify "tourists" - incorrect
2: Parallelism - "salt crystallize" is not parallel to "fungus was growing".
(E) because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing
Correct.
Hi!
Please detail on why these verb tenses are incorrect in option b and c.
: Verb Tense - " were exhaling" is incorrect verb tense; "had raised" is incorrect verb tense.
Regards
Ashish
- karthikpandian19
- Legendary Member
- Posts: 1665
- Joined: Thu Nov 03, 2011 7:04 pm
- Thanked: 165 times
- Followed by:70 members
Ashish,
In B - the had raised is wrong, as it goes into Past perfect mode. For which to happen, there should be another action in the simple past and should be sequential in time, which is not there.B also can be eliminated for "due to" which modifies only "noun". Easy check is replace "due to" with "caused by" and see whether it makes sense. If not, then its wrong
In C - "were exhaling" its says "ing" which means still continuing, which is not right. This action is completed as per the meaning of the sentence. This "ing" continuous is tied up with the "had..." which is again wrong
In B - the had raised is wrong, as it goes into Past perfect mode. For which to happen, there should be another action in the simple past and should be sequential in time, which is not there.B also can be eliminated for "due to" which modifies only "noun". Easy check is replace "due to" with "caused by" and see whether it makes sense. If not, then its wrong
In C - "were exhaling" its says "ing" which means still continuing, which is not right. This action is completed as per the meaning of the sentence. This "ing" continuous is tied up with the "had..." which is again wrong
Ashishkapoor7 wrote:e-GMAT wrote:GMAT's stand on the issue of pronoun ambiguity is not as clear as it is for other grammatical errors. For this reason, unless the pronoun ambiguity is absolutely clear, it is suggested to arrive at the correct answer by using more obvious errors first and then use the pronoun ambiguity error on an as-needed basis.
This is one of those questions that can be very easily solved by using other more obvious errors: Below I have listed other errors:
In late 1997, the chambers inside the pyramid of the Pharaoh Menkaure at Giza were closed to visitors for cleaning and repair due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing and fungus was growing on the walls.
(A) due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing
1: Modifier Error - which refers to tourists
2: Pronoun Number - "its" should refer to "chambers" - thus number error.
3: Meaning - Use of "due to" implies that the closure of chambers was caused by moisture. This is not correct because closure was caused by the effect of the moisture as explained in choice E.
(B) due to moisture that tourists had exhaled, thereby raising its humidity to such levels that salt from the stone would crystallize
1: Verb tense - had exhaled is incorrect verb tense.
2: Parallelism - "salt would crystallize" is not parallel to "fungus was growing".
3: Meaning - Use of "due to" implies that the closure of chambers was caused by moisture. This is not correct because closure was caused by the effect of the moisture as explained in choice E.
(C) because tourists were exhaling moisture, which had raised the humidity within them to levels such that salt from the stone would crystallize
1: Verb Tense - " were exhaling" is incorrect verb tense; "had raised" is incorrect verb tense.
2: Parallelism - "salt would crystallize" is not parallel to "fungus was growing".
(D) because of moisture that was exhaled by tourists raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from the stone crystallize
1: Modifier Error - "raising humidity" appears to modify "tourists" - incorrect
2: Parallelism - "salt crystallize" is not parallel to "fungus was growing".
(E) because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing
Correct.
Hi!
Please detail on why these verb tenses are incorrect in option b and c.
: Verb Tense - " were exhaling" is incorrect verb tense; "had raised" is incorrect verb tense.
Regards
Ashish
Regards,
Karthik
The source of the questions that i post from JUNE 2013 is from KNEWTON
---If you find my post useful, click "Thank" ---
---Never stop until cracking GMAT---
Karthik
The source of the questions that i post from JUNE 2013 is from KNEWTON
---If you find my post useful, click "Thank" ---
---Never stop until cracking GMAT---