Sentence Correction

At the annualstock holders meeting, investors heard a presentation on the numerous challenges facing the company, including among them the threat from a rival's multi-billion dollar patent-infringement suit and the declining sales for the company's powerful microprocessor chip.

A. including among them the threat from a rival's multi-billion dollar patent-infringement suit and the declining sales for
B. which includes the threat of a rival's multi-billion dollar patent-infringement suit and declining sales of
C. included among these the threat from a rival's multi-billion dollar patent-infringement suit as well as a decline in sales for
D. among them the threat of a rival's multi-billion dollar patent-infringement suit and the decline in sales of
E. among these the threat from a rival's multi-billion dollar patent-infringement suit as well as the decline in sales for

[spoiler]OA is D.
Can somebody tell me : how the last phrase X<among them....sales of...microprocessor chip> is attached to the main clause.
I mean, X is a noun modifier, absolute phrase, adverbial modifier or something else.
[/spoiler]

i think it tries to say
among them are threat ....and decline in sales...
i was puzzled with D as it seems to be strange dependent clause...

I think that the phrase among them the threat of a rival's multi-billion dollar patent-infringement suit and the decline in sales of the company's powerful microprocessor chip is a prepositional phrase and is describing the main clause as a whole.

among them and including can be used interchangeably here.

Check out how including is used in a sentence.
https://www.beatthegmat.com/stone-age-t36393.html#296165

among them can be used in the same way.

paes wrote:At the annualstock holders meeting, investors heard a presentation on the numerous challenges facing the company, including among them the threat from a rival's multi-billion dollar patent-infringement suit and the declining sales for the company's powerful microprocessor chip.

A. including among them the threat from a rival's multi-billion dollar patent-infringement suit and the declining sales for
B. which includes the threat of a rival's multi-billion dollar patent-infringement suit and declining sales of
C. included among these the threat from a rival's multi-billion dollar patent-infringement suit as well as a decline in sales for
D. among them the threat of a rival's multi-billion dollar patent-infringement suit and the decline in sales of
E. among these the threat from a rival's multi-billion dollar patent-infringement suit as well as the decline in sales for

[spoiler]OA is D.
Can somebody tell me : how the last phrase X<among them....sales of...microprocessor chip> is attached to the main clause.
I mean, X is a noun modifier, absolute phrase, adverbial modifier or something else.
[/spoiler]

Quickest approach:

In A, C, and E, sales for is not idiomatic; the correct idiom is sales of. Eliminate A, C and E.

In B, the pronoun which refers to the company, but the company does not include the threat and the declining sales. Eliminate B.

The correct answer is D.

In D, among them refers to the challenges:

...investors heard a presentation on the numerous challenges...among them the threat...and the decline in sales...