Sentence Correction

22. The telecom minister had been indicted by the Supreme court in the 2G spectrum
scam, which resulted in a loss of about $1.7 trillion to the exchequer.

A. had been indicted by the Supreme court in the 2G spectrum scam, which
resulted
B. has been indicted in the 2G spectrum scam by the Supreme court, which
resulted
C. has been indicted by the Supreme court in the 2G spectrum scam, which
resulted
D. is indicted by the Supreme court in the 2G spectrum scam that resulted
E. has been indicted by the Supreme court in the 2G spectrum scam, resulting

( I understand the question is relating to tenses - i can eliminate answer D as it sounds incorrect, but between the other options how do you decide between had been and has been, because the statement could indicate either of them. I thought had been made more sense because of those 2 past tense verbs Indicted and Resulted in there - so i assumed that 2 things happened in the past -hence option A - but that is not the correct answer.

An explanation to the correct answer would be highly appreciated !

C is the only option standing

If you are confused between A and D

D: is , resulted ...
A: meaning is like 'because minister is locked, loss happened' but in reality the minister cheated and used public's money for his own.

IMO E

In all other choices, nonrestrictive and restrictive clauses create problems: which and that should refer to the closest noun and they cannot refer to the whole clause(this is the case here!)in this particular example.
"resulted in a loss of ..." is pointing to the fact that "the telecom minister has been indicted...", not to "the 2G spectrum scam" nor to "the Supreme court".

That the telecom minister has been indicted by the Supreme court in the 2G spectrum scam resulted in a loss of about $1.7 trillion to the exchequer.

+1 C

IMO C. The action "indicted by supreme court" cannot resulting the loss. "2G.." resulted in the loss sound more suitable