762- 1000 SC question

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762- 1000 SC question

by isisalaska » Mon May 14, 2007 8:24 am
Don't you think the answer is D?........... definitely E is not the answer even thta it is the official one :shock:

762. The growth of the railroads led to the abolition of local times, which was determined by when the sun reached the observer’s meridian and differing from city to city, and to the establishment of regional times.
(A) which was determined by when the sun reached the observer’s meridian and differing
(B) which was determined by when the sun reached the observer’s meridian and which differed
(C) which were determined by when the sun reached the observer’s meridian and differing
(D) determined by when the sun reached the observer’s meridian and differed
(E) determined by when the sun reached the observer’s meridian and differing
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by 800guy » Wed May 16, 2007 10:27 am
i would go with d. e doesn't seem to work in parallel...

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by isisalaska » Wed May 16, 2007 10:37 am
that's what I though...
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by aim-wsc » Wed May 16, 2007 2:07 pm
800guy wrote:i would go with d. e doesn't seem to work in parallel...
think again.

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by hillzheng » Wed Apr 16, 2008 10:59 pm
I will choose D, too.

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by rahulg83 » Tue May 26, 2009 5:03 am
IMO E is the correct choice...
something led to abolition of local times, determined by when the sun reached the observer’s meridian....
something led to abolition of local times, differing from city to city...
though i don't know what this logic is called, i suppose this is the right way.
Opinions please?

Please correct me if i am wrong

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by marshmallow » Tue May 26, 2009 5:38 am
rahulg83 wrote:IMO E is the correct choice...
something led to abolition of local times, determined by when the sun reached the observer’s meridian....
something led to abolition of local times, differing from city to city...
though i don't know what this logic is called, i suppose this is the right way.
Opinions please?

Please correct me if i am wrong
I agree with you. Parallelism here means the predicates in the two parts are both participles.

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by outreach » Thu Jul 22, 2010 2:43 am
nice explaination for this Questions answer is

https://www.urch.com/forums/faqs/700-gma ... l#post1715
isisalaska wrote:Don't you think the answer is D?........... definitely E is not the answer even thta it is the official one :shock:

762. The growth of the railroads led to the abolition of local times, which was determined by when the sun reached the observer�s meridian and differing from city to city, and to the establishment of regional times.
(A) which was determined by when the sun reached the observer�s meridian and differing
(B) which was determined by when the sun reached the observer�s meridian and which differed
(C) which were determined by when the sun reached the observer�s meridian and differing
(D) determined by when the sun reached the observer�s meridian and differed
(E) determined by when the sun reached the observer�s meridian and differing
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by manishankar » Thu Jul 22, 2010 3:35 am
Yes, i too think B is the right answer.

Regards,
Mani

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by gmat_perfect » Thu Jul 22, 2010 10:29 am
The growth of the railroads led to the abolition of local times, which was determined by when the sun reached the observer's meridian and differing from city to city, and to the establishment of regional times.
(A) which was determined by when the sun reached the observer's meridian and differing
(B) which was determined by when the sun reached the observer's meridian and which differed
(C) which were determined by when the sun reached the observer's meridian and differing
(D) determined by when the sun reached the observer's meridian and differed
(E) determined by when the sun reached the observer's meridian and differing

The skeleton of the sentence:
The growth led to the abolition (X), , and to the establishment of regional times (Y).

The growth led to X, which was determined by when the sun reached the observer's meridian and differing from city to city, and to Y.

The growth led to X, Modifier, and to Y.

=> The growth led to X and to Y.

Again:
The growth led to the abolition of local times, which was determined by when the sun reached the observer's meridian and differing from city to city, and to Y.
=> Times = Were
=> So, the options A and B are out.

Again:
Times, which were determined by X and were differing from city to city.
=>Times, determined by X and differing from city to city.
=> This version is more concise than the previous one.

Transitive verb Vs Intransitive Verb:

The verbs that can take direct objects are transitive verbs.
Example: eat, write, determine, see etc.
Transitive verbs can have passive voice and finally can be used as the past participle.

Example: I eat rice=> Rice is eaten by me.
They play football=> Football is played by them.

But: Intransitive verbs do not have direct objects. Example: walk, differ etc. Since these verbs don't have direct objects, they cannot be used in the passive voice.

She walks. No object is there to change the voice into passive.

Conclusion: The intransitive verb 'differ' cannot be used as past participle.

=> All the options that have "differed" are out. So, the options B and D are out.

C, if it did not use "which were", could be the correct option.

Answer is E.

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by uwhusky » Thu Jul 22, 2010 10:42 am
Why can't "differ" be used in past tense?

"the second set of data differed from the first"

I think you are confusing past participle with past tense, and they're not one of the same.

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by loveusonu » Thu Jul 22, 2010 10:51 am
isisalaska wrote:Don't you think the answer is D?........... definitely E is not the answer even thta it is the official one :shock:

762. The growth of the railroads led to the abolition of local times, which was determined by when the sun reached the observer�s meridian and differing from city to city, and to the establishment of regional times.
(A) which was determined by when the sun reached the observer�s meridian and differing
(B) which was determined by when the sun reached the observer�s meridian and which differed
(C) which were determined by when the sun reached the observer�s meridian and differing
(D) determined by when the sun reached the observer�s meridian and differed
(E) determined by when the sun reached the observer�s meridian and differing

Unlike the mechanical parallelism, where words appear structurally similar, this parallelism is "parallelism of participles". To me this is most toughest one.

Determined, differed and differing all are Participles however differed makes completely illogical as "times differed from city to city"

Here is one of the OG10 eg:

210. Scientists have recently discovered what could be the largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant
fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized
spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.
(A) extending
(B) extends
(C) extended
(D) it extended
(E) is extending

Answer to Question 210
Choice A, the best answer, preserves grammatical parallelism while allowing for logical expression of temporal
relationships; A employs the parallel participial phrases spawned... and extending ... to modify filigree. Other
choices present different grammatical constructions that are not participial modifiers and thus not parallel to
spawned: extends in B is a present-tense verb; it extended in D begins a new clause; and is extending in E
ungrammatically introduces a new predicate. In C, extended is nonparallel if it is assumed to be a past tense verb form; if it is assumed to be a past participle, it illogically states, as does D, that the filigree extended only in
the past.

hope that helps
Sonu
--------
When you want something desperately, the whole Universe conspires in helping to give it to you - The Alchemist

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by gmat_perfect » Thu Jul 22, 2010 10:55 am
uwhusky wrote:Why can't "differ" be used in past tense?

"the second set of data differed from the first"

I think you are confusing past participle with past tense, and they're not one of the same.
I am not saying the past tense. I am saying the past participle.

The second set of data differed from the first.

Can we change the voice? meaning can we have a passive construction of the sentence mentioned by you? No, because there is no direct object of the verb differ.

Thanks.

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by uwhusky » Thu Jul 22, 2010 11:02 am
Why can't differ be used as a past participle? Past participle isn't a finite verb, and thus it cannot make sentences regardless.

Intransitive is referring to a finite verb, not a past participle. I was correcting your usage between the two.

Although intransitive verbs cannot formulate sentences in passive voice, it can formulate sentences in past tense. To to say that "differ" cannot be used as past participle because it's a intransitive verb makes no sense.

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by gmat_perfect » Thu Jul 22, 2010 11:35 am
Although intransitive verbs cannot formulate sentences in passive voice, it can formulate sentences in past tense. To to say that "differ" cannot be used as past participle because it's a intransitive verb makes no sense.

=> The statement that the intransitive verbs can not be used in the past participle if and only if that past participle is used as the 'past participle' of a passive voice. And it has been said in the context of this sentence, which does not need the verb 'differ' to be in the passive voice. If the past participle of the sentence were used in the sentence, it could only be used as verb of a passive voice. And hence, I have said so. If you like to generalize the wording, you can write-intransitive verbs cannot be used as past participle in the sentences in which it will be used as the verb of a passive voice. Ok?