Critical Reasoning

patanjali.purpose wrote:The technological conservatism of bicycle manufacturers is a reflection of the kinds of demand they are trying to meet. The only cyclists seriously interested in innovation and willing to pay for it are bicycle racers. Therefore, innovation in bicycle technology is limited by what authorities will accept as standard for purposes of competition in bicycle races.

paraphrase : innovation is limited by racing authorities.

Which of the following is an assumption made in drawing the conclusion above?

(A) The market for cheap, traditional bicycles cannot expand unless the market for high-performance competition bicycles expands.-- out of scope.
(B) High-performance bicycles are likely to be improved more as a result of technological innovations developed in small workshops than as a result of technological innovations developed in major manufacturing concerns.-- not mentioned.
(C) Bicycle racers do not generate a strong demand for innovations that fall
outside what is officially recognized as standard for purposes of competition.-- gives a reason for the paraphrase. Negating this,crashes the paraphrase too.
(D) The technological conservatism of bicycle manufacturers results primarily from their desire to manufacture a product that can be sold without being altered to suit different national markets.-- different markets is out of scope again.
(E) The authorities who set standards for high-performance bicycle racing do not keep informed about innovative bicycle design. -- may be may not be.Neutral answer.

Pls share your insight for each option.

Will appreciate if you can also compare the followings with your pick and share how they are different:

1) Non racers do buy bicycles that racing authorities consider standard -- this may or may not increase the demand of innovation depending upon the market size.
2) Non racers do not buy bicycle that racing authorities consider standard -- out of scope wrt paraphrase. no change in demand too.

patanjali.purpose wrote:The technological conservatism of bicycle manufacturers is a reflection of the kinds of demand they are trying to meet. The only cyclists seriously interested in innovation and willing to pay for it are bicycle racers. Therefore, innovation in bicycle technology is limited by what authorities will accept as standard for purposes of competition in bicycle races.

Which of the following is an assumption made in drawing the conclusion above?

(A) The market for cheap, traditional bicycles cannot expand unless the market for high-performance competition bicycles expands.
(B) High-performance bicycles are likely to be improved more as a result of technological innovations developed in small workshops than as a result of technological innovations developed in major manufacturing concerns.
(C) Bicycle racers do not generate a strong demand for innovations that fall
outside what is officially recognized as standard for purposes of competition.
(D) The technological conservatism of bicycle manufacturers results primarily from their desire to manufacture a product that can be sold without being altered to suit different national markets.
(E) The authorities who set standards for high-performance bicycle racing do not keep informed about innovative bicycle design.

Pls share your insight for each option.

Will appreciate if you can also compare the followings with your pick and share how they are different:

1) Non racers do buy bicycles that racing authorities consider standard
2) Non racers do not buy bicycle that racing authorities consider standard

GMATGuruNY wrote:

patanjali.purpose wrote:The technological conservatism of bicycle manufacturers is a reflection of the kinds of demand they are trying to meet. The only cyclists seriously interested in innovation and willing to pay for it are bicycle racers. Therefore, innovation in bicycle technology is limited by what authorities will accept as standard for purposes of competition in bicycle races.

Which of the following is an assumption made in drawing the conclusion above?

(A) The market for cheap, traditional bicycles cannot expand unless the market for high-performance competition bicycles expands.
(B) High-performance bicycles are likely to be improved more as a result of technological innovations developed in small workshops than as a result of technological innovations developed in major manufacturing concerns.
(C) Bicycle racers do not generate a strong demand for innovations that fall
outside what is officially recognized as standard for purposes of competition.
(D) The technological conservatism of bicycle manufacturers results primarily from their desire to manufacture a product that can be sold without being altered to suit different national markets.
(E) The authorities who set standards for high-performance bicycle racing do not keep informed about innovative bicycle design.

Pls share your insight for each option.

Will appreciate if you can also compare the followings with your pick and share how they are different:

1) Non racers do buy bicycles that racing authorities consider standard
2) Non racers do not buy bicycle that racing authorities consider standard

This CR exhibits a language shift.

The premise is about X: BICYCLE RACERS.
The conclusion is about Y: COMPETITION.

The assumption is that X is connected to Y: that BICYCLE RACERS care only about innovation that is accepted as standard for purposes of COMPETITION.

Only answer choice C links BICYCLE RACERS to COMPETITION:
The argument assumes that BICYCLE RACERS do not generate a strong demand for innovations that fall outside what is officially recognized as standard for purposes of COMPETITION.

The correct answer is C.

Anaira Mitch wrote:Hello Mitch,

Is negation technique not possible for this problem?