In astronomy the term “red shift” denotes the extent to which light from a distant galaxy has been shifted toward the red, or long-wave, end of the light spectrum by the rapid motion of the galaxy away from the Earth.
(A) to which light from a distant galaxy has been shifted
(B) to which light from a distant galaxy has shifted
(C) that light from a distant galaxy has been shifted
(D) of light from a distant galaxy shifting
(E) of the shift of light from a distant galaxy
When should we use has been ....
SC
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has been shifted is used when some external factors attributed to that shift.....
eg: The cargo has been shifted by the labourers...here he cargo cant shift by itself...so an external factor - labourer is introduced to do the shifting.
has shifted is used when something is shifting by itself. No external factor plays a role in the shifting.
eg: John has shifted his residence from Florida to California.
Coming to our case...if you see in the last part of he sentence - by the rapid motion of the galaxy away from the Earth - this indicates an external factor introduced......So A is the right choice...
eg: The cargo has been shifted by the labourers...here he cargo cant shift by itself...so an external factor - labourer is introduced to do the shifting.
has shifted is used when something is shifting by itself. No external factor plays a role in the shifting.
eg: John has shifted his residence from Florida to California.
Coming to our case...if you see in the last part of he sentence - by the rapid motion of the galaxy away from the Earth - this indicates an external factor introduced......So A is the right choice...
Trying hard!!!
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Ranji, there are lots of times when you can say 'extent of' -- i.e., What is the extent of the damage? -- but this is a separate case where it doesn't work.
E is wrong because it changes the meaning of the sentence. The way E reads the red shift is the shift of light from a distant galaxy towards red...etc, but "from a distant galaxy" is simply being used to described the type of light, not where the light is shifting from. That's a usage change.
I hope that was clear!
E is wrong because it changes the meaning of the sentence. The way E reads the red shift is the shift of light from a distant galaxy towards red...etc, but "from a distant galaxy" is simply being used to described the type of light, not where the light is shifting from. That's a usage change.
I hope that was clear!
Verbal Tutor