Sentence Correction

1.Clouds are formed from the evaporation of the oceans' water that is warmed by the Sun and rises high into the atmosphere, condensing in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust.

A. Clouds are formed from the evaporation of the oceans' water that is warmed by the Sun and rises high into the atmosphere, condensing in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust.

B. Clouds form by the Sun's warmth evaporating the water in the oceans, which rises high into the atmosphere, condensing in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust.

C. Warmed by the Sun, ocean water evaporates, rises high into the atmosphere, and condenses in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust to form clouds.

D. The water in the oceans evaporates, warmed by the Sun, rises high into the atmosphere, and condenses in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust, which forms clouds.

E. Ocean water, warmed by the Sun, evaporates and rises high into the atmosphere, which then condenses in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust to form as clouds.

2.As the honeybee's stinger is heavily barbed, staying where it is inserted, this results in the act of stinging causing the bee to sustain a fatal injury.


A. As the honeybee's stinger is heavily barbed, staying where it is inserted, this results in the act of stinging causing
B. As the heavily barbed stinger of the honeybee stays where it is inserted, with the result that the act of stinging causes
C. The honeybee's stinger, heavily barbed and staying where it is inserted, results in the fact that the act of stinging causes
D. The heavily barbed stinger of the honeybee stays where it is inserted, and results in the act of stinging causing
E. The honeybee's stinger is heavily barbed and stays where it is inserted, with the result that the act of stinging causes

Can tutors explain in simple layman terms ,why prep +noun+ing is wrong here? Thank you

Check my posts below:
https://www.beatthegmat.com/experts-plea ... 10132.html (three posts)
https://www.beatthegmat.com/as-the-honey ... 81041.html (five posts)

Hi GMATGuruNY ,

AND always connect a parallel form right? So can we eliminate option A, because of wrong uses of AND.

A. Clouds are formed from the evaporation of the oceans' water that is warmed by the Sun and rises high into the atmosphere, condensing in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust.

Please explain.

Thanks

rsarashi wrote:Hi GMATGuruNY ,

AND always connect a parallel form right? So can we eliminate option A, because of wrong uses of AND.

A. Clouds are formed from the evaporation of the oceans' water that is warmed by the Sun and rises high into the atmosphere, condensing in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust.

Please explain.

Thanks

and must serve to connect PARALLEL FORMS:
VERB and VERB
MODIFIER and MODIFIER
NOUN and NOUN

A: water that is warmed...and rises
Here, the two portions in blue are both VERBS and thus constitute parallel forms.
It is ok that the first verb is passive, while the second is active.
Thus, we cannot eliminate A for a lack of parallelism.

and must serve to connect PARALLEL FORMS:
VERB and VERB
MODIFIER and MODIFIER
NOUN and NOUN

A: water that is warmed...and rises
Here, the two portions in blue are both VERBS and thus constitute parallel forms.
It is ok that the first verb is passive, while the second is active.
Thus, we cannot eliminate A for a lack of parallelism.

Hi GMATGuruNY ,

Thank you so much for your reply.