Critical Reasoning

The following is a weaken question. OA is A

My doubt :- I am not sure how to eliminate B If Grey's book that employs the metaphor expresses an idea that has no relation to any ideas expressed in Jordan's book, then doesn't it mean that Grey hasn't read Jordan's book ?

Please clarify what are your thoughts on B.

Thanks

Well, we don't know what the metaphor is, so let's invent one. Let's imagine the metaphor is:

Doing X is like flying a monkey. It seems like a lot of fun, but it's impossible to achieve.

I think we can agree that "flying a monkey" is an unusual metaphor.

Answer choice (A) claims that this metaphor occurred in another, previous book, which was probably the source for both of the writers.

Answer choice (B) claims that one author was talking about sewing and the other was talking about government tax policy. In each book the author said: Doing X is like flying a monkey.

Just because the first book was about sewing and the second book was about government tax policy doesn't mean that the metaphor couldn't have been gotten from the first book and applied to concepts in the second book.

I hope this answer makes sense.

elias.latour.apex wrote:Well, we don't know what the metaphor is, so let's invent one. Let's imagine the metaphor is:

Doing X is like flying a monkey. It seems like a lot of fun, but it's impossible to achieve.

I think we can agree that "flying a monkey" is an unusual metaphor.

Answer choice (B) claims that one author was talking about sewing and the other was talking about government tax policy. In each book the author said: Doing X is like flying a monkey.

Just because the first book was about sewing and the second book was about government tax policy doesn't mean that the metaphor couldn't have been gotten from the first book and applied to concepts in the second book.

I hope this answer makes sense.

Elias,

Thanks for replying.

Please correct if i am wrong. What you are saying is that "flying a monkey" is a metaphor, and this same metaphor can appear in both the author's book. The only difference is that both the authors are expressing different ideas for their metaphor.

Grey is saying "flying a monkey" expresses an idea of "sewing" & Jordan is saying "flying a monkey" expresses an idea of "government tax policy".

So, ideas can be different but metaphors can be taken or copied from the book.

Please let me know if my understanding is correct.

I think you understand correctly, but in case you do not, let's look at it a different way.

The argument seems to be saying that because the metaphor appeared in the later book, it must have been inspired by the former book.

What is the argument's reasoning? The argument says that the metaphor is so unusual that it's unlikely that the second author thought it up on his own. Thus, the second author must have been inspired by the first.

What's the assumption? The assumption seems to be that there are only two possible causes for the metaphor appearing in the second book:

1. The author thought it up on his own.
2. The author copied it from the other book.

A good way to weaken this argument is to attack that assumption. What if we showed another possible way that the metaphor might have gotten into the second book?

The OA does so. It says that there was an even earlier book that used the metaphor and that could have been the source for both. By suggesting a new cause, (A) weakens the argument.

(B), however, does not suggest another possible cause. It merely says that the topic of the two books were different. This does not, however, prevent someone from taking a metaphor from an unrelated field and applying it in a new context.

For example, many American metaphors come from sports or from war. If someone said, "Getting this new contract would be a touchdown for our company" he is taking a sports idea and applying it in a new setting.

Accordingly, (B) does not clearly weaken the conclusion.

Thanks Elias