With only 7 percent of the globe's surface area, rainforests contain more than half of the world's plant and animal species, and absorb more carbon dioxide than any other land-based ecosystem on earth.
A) With
B) As
C) Being
D) Despite having
E) Although accounting for
Source: VeritasPrep
OA: E
700+ Rainforests
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What is the source of this question? The only reason that I ask is that the second comma is incorrectly placed.
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The SC above is modeled after the following official SC:
Only 5 percent of the world's population
But 28 percent of its renewable sources.
Eliminate A, B and C, since with, as and being do not imply contrast.
D states that United States citizens are HAVING 5 percent of the world's population -- a nonsensical meaning.
Eliminate D.
The correct answer is E.
The OA includes a VERBLESS CLAUSE.
In a verbless clause, the subject and verb are omitted, but their presence is understood.
Although [they are] accounting for only 5 percent of the world's population, United States citizens consume 28 percent of its nonrenewable resources.
Here, the words in brackets are omitted, but their presence is understood.
Similar reasoning can be applied to the SC above.
Here -- as in the SC above -- the intention is to express a CONTRAST between statistics:With only 5 percent of the world's population, United States citizens consume 28 percent of its nonrenewable resources, drive more than one-third of its automobiles, and use 21 times more water per capita than Europeans do.
(A) With
(B) As
(C) Being
(D) Despite having
(E) Although accounting for
Only 5 percent of the world's population
But 28 percent of its renewable sources.
Eliminate A, B and C, since with, as and being do not imply contrast.
D states that United States citizens are HAVING 5 percent of the world's population -- a nonsensical meaning.
Eliminate D.
The correct answer is E.
The OA includes a VERBLESS CLAUSE.
In a verbless clause, the subject and verb are omitted, but their presence is understood.
Although [they are] accounting for only 5 percent of the world's population, United States citizens consume 28 percent of its nonrenewable resources.
Here, the words in brackets are omitted, but their presence is understood.
Similar reasoning can be applied to the SC above.
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What do you mean exactly?Jim@StratusPrep wrote:What is the source of this question? The only reason that I ask is that the second comma is incorrectly placed.
To my mind, the second comma ",and absorb" is placed here for the goal of sequence, to solve ambiguity with the first "and" ("the world's plant and animal species"). Independent clause after the second comma is not required. Or I am wrong?
This is VeritasPrep question, screenshot enclosed.
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I agree with you in terms of a verbal clause, but that is not what is created in this sentence - this sentence creates a comma splice. Either the comma must be removed or an additional verbal clause must be added so it is a list...
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To clarify, the official sentence GMATGuru provided had 3 items in a list (consume, drive, and use), making the commas necessary. When you only have 2 items in the list no comma is used to show that it is a compound predicate with only 2 items.
Aside from this, E is the answer because it show contrast.
Aside from this, E is the answer because it show contrast.
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Hey Challenger,
I understand what your point is, and I'll respond to it in just one post! : )
The original sentence said: "more than half of the world's plant and animal species, and absorb"
As has been noted by others, that final "and" doesn't need a comma before it. Why? Because even though it's not exactly pretty without a comma, there's no grammatical possibility of confusion. This is because "plant and animal species" are nouns, while "absorb" is a verb. It MUST be part of a separate parallelism: Let me give you another example (which, as far as I know, will not show up on the GMAT):
Dave really likes peanut butter and jelly and asparagus sandwiches.
Now, we have a problem. We would actually prefer to have a comma after "jelly," because there's no way to know if this is one sandwich (peanut butter and jelly and asparagus) or two sandwiches (peanut butter and jelly, and asparagus).
Does that help?
-t
I understand what your point is, and I'll respond to it in just one post! : )
The original sentence said: "more than half of the world's plant and animal species, and absorb"
As has been noted by others, that final "and" doesn't need a comma before it. Why? Because even though it's not exactly pretty without a comma, there's no grammatical possibility of confusion. This is because "plant and animal species" are nouns, while "absorb" is a verb. It MUST be part of a separate parallelism: Let me give you another example (which, as far as I know, will not show up on the GMAT):
Dave really likes peanut butter and jelly and asparagus sandwiches.
Now, we have a problem. We would actually prefer to have a comma after "jelly," because there's no way to know if this is one sandwich (peanut butter and jelly and asparagus) or two sandwiches (peanut butter and jelly, and asparagus).
Does that help?
-t
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Yes, thanks.Tommy Wallach wrote:Hey Challenger,
Does that help?
-t
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hi experts,
couple of qs on this sc.
1. can we say that the Verb-ing modifier accounting serves to modify the subject of the following clause "United States citizens" ?
2. in the non-underlined part, the antecedent of pronoun its seems to be the "world". right ?
couple of qs on this sc.
1. can we say that the Verb-ing modifier accounting serves to modify the subject of the following clause "United States citizens" ?
2. in the non-underlined part, the antecedent of pronoun its seems to be the "world". right ?
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As noted in my post above, the OA implies the following:ngk4mba3236 wrote:hi experts,
couple of qs on this sc.
1. can we say that the Verb-ing modifier accounting serves to modify the subject of the following clause "United States citizens" ?
Although they are accounting for only 5 percent of the world's population, United States citizens consume 28 percent of its nonrenewable resources.
Here, accounting serves not as a modifier but as the participle portion of the verb are accounting.
Correct.2. in the non-underlined part, the antecedent of pronoun its seems to be the "world". right ?
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so,can we say that the followings are two takeaways:GMATGuruNY wrote:As noted in my post above, the OA implies the following:ngk4mba3236 wrote:hi experts,
couple of qs on this sc.
1. can we say that the Verb-ing modifier accounting serves to modify the subject of the following clause "United States citizens" ?
Although they are accounting for only 5 percent of the world's population, United States citizens consume 28 percent of its nonrenewable resources.
Here, accounting serves not as a modifier but as the participle portion of the verb are accounting.
1. for the verb-less clause, the implied subject of the verb-less clause will ALWAYS be the subject of the following clause,in GMAT.
right ?
2. a verb-ing modifier can never start with these keywords -- although/though/if/whether etc.
please let me know your thoughts!
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Almost.ngk4mba3236 wrote:so,can we say that the followings are two takeaways:GMATGuruNY wrote:As noted in my post above, the OA implies the following:ngk4mba3236 wrote:hi experts,
couple of qs on this sc.
1. can we say that the Verb-ing modifier accounting serves to modify the subject of the following clause "United States citizens" ?
Although they are accounting for only 5 percent of the world's population, United States citizens consume 28 percent of its nonrenewable resources.
Here, accounting serves not as a modifier but as the participle portion of the verb are accounting.
1. for the verb-less clause, the implied subject of the verb-less clause will ALWAYS be the subject of the following clause,in GMAT.
right ?
The implied subject may also precede the verbless clause.
A better rule:
A subordinate verbless clause must refer to the same subject as the main clause that the subordinate verbless clause serves to modify.
Although accounting for only 5 percent of the world's population, United States citizens consume 28 percent of its nonrenewable resources.
Conveyed meaning:
Although [United States citizens are] accounting for only 5 percent of the world's population, United States citizens consume 28 percent of its nonrenewable resources.
Rising inventories, if not accompanied by corresponding increases in sales, can lead to production cutbacks that would hamper economic growth.
Conveyed meaning:
Rising inventories, if [rising inventories are] not accompanied by corresponding increases in sales, can lead to production cutbacks that would hamper economic growth.
Correct.2. a verb-ing modifier can never start with these keywords -- although/though/if/whether etc.
please let me know your thoughts!
Last edited by GMATGuruNY on Mon May 09, 2016 2:14 am, edited 1 time in total.
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based on the above precise rule, can you please let me know whether I'm correct in the following official qs:GMATGuruNY wrote: The implied subject may also precede the verbless clause.
A better rule:
A subordinate verbless clause must refer to the same subject as the main clause.
Restorers say that if allowed to remove and replace the discolored layer of varnish on the Mona Lisa, the colors Leonardo da Vinci painted nearly five hundred years ago will once again shine through.
----> here the underlined part beginning with IF is a verb-less clause creating ambiguity because its implied subject structure wise(re grammatically) can be either "Restorers" or "the colors", but meaning wise the implied subject of this verb-less clause should be "Restorers" (because it seems that we've two main clauses here -- one beginning with "Restorers" and another with "the colors")
right ?
so,this ambiguity is overcome in the oa in which verb-less clause beginning with IF is converted to a normal clause - if they are and the antecedent of "they" is "Restorers".
is this analysis correct ?
Last edited by ngk4mba3236 on Mon May 09, 2016 10:11 pm, edited 1 time in total.