Hello Experts,
Pls explain this one:
Coordinate Geometry
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Note: I've reworded the target question so that it's an actual question.
This technique can save a lot of time.
Here, we want to determine whether or not the statements lock us into having 1 and only 1 line.
Target question: Does the line y1 = mx + b pass through the point (2, -1)?
Statement 1: y1 is perpendicular to the line y2 = -(1/2)x + 9
Here's the line y2 = -(1/2)x + 9
As you can see, there are MANY MANY MANY lines that are perpendicular to this line.
So, the line y1 = mx + b MAY or MAY NOT pass through the point (2, -1))
Since we cannot answer the target question with certainty, statement 1 is NOT SUFFICIENT
Statement 2: b = -5
This tells us that the line y1 = mx + b has y-intercept -5
In other words, the line y1 = mx + b must pass through the point (0, -5)
There are MANY MANY MANY different lines that pass through the point (0, -5)
As you can see, the line y1 = mx + b MAY or MAY NOT pass through the point (2, -1))
Since we cannot answer the target question with certainty, statement 2 is NOT SUFFICIENT
Statements 1 and 2 combined
Statement 1 tells us that the line y1 = mx + b can be among the many dotted red lines that are perpendicular to the green line.
Statement 2 says that the line must also pass through the point (0, -5)
This LOCKS us into 1 and only 1 line.
Since the statements lock us into just 1 line, we have enough information to determine whether or not
the line y1 = mx + b passes through the point (2, -1))
Since we can answer the target question with certainty, the combined statements are SUFFICIENT
Answer = C
IMPORTANT: Need we find the equation of the line? Need we actually determine whether or not the line passes through (2, -1)? No and no. We need only recognize that, since there's only 1 line that satisfies both statements, we COULD find the equation of the line and we COULD determine whether is passes through (2, -1)
Cheers,
Brent
IMPORTANT: For geometry (including coordinate geometry) Data Sufficiency questions, we are typically checking to see whether the statements "lock" a particular line, angle, length, or shape into having just one possible measurement. This concept is discussed in much greater detail in our free video: https://www.gmatprepnow.com/module/gmat- ... cy?id=1103Does the line y1 = mx + b pass through the point (2, -1)?
1) y1 is perpendicular to the line y2 = -(1/2)x + 9
2) b = -5
This technique can save a lot of time.
Here, we want to determine whether or not the statements lock us into having 1 and only 1 line.
Target question: Does the line y1 = mx + b pass through the point (2, -1)?
Statement 1: y1 is perpendicular to the line y2 = -(1/2)x + 9
Here's the line y2 = -(1/2)x + 9
As you can see, there are MANY MANY MANY lines that are perpendicular to this line.
So, the line y1 = mx + b MAY or MAY NOT pass through the point (2, -1))
Since we cannot answer the target question with certainty, statement 1 is NOT SUFFICIENT
Statement 2: b = -5
This tells us that the line y1 = mx + b has y-intercept -5
In other words, the line y1 = mx + b must pass through the point (0, -5)
There are MANY MANY MANY different lines that pass through the point (0, -5)
As you can see, the line y1 = mx + b MAY or MAY NOT pass through the point (2, -1))
Since we cannot answer the target question with certainty, statement 2 is NOT SUFFICIENT
Statements 1 and 2 combined
Statement 1 tells us that the line y1 = mx + b can be among the many dotted red lines that are perpendicular to the green line.
Statement 2 says that the line must also pass through the point (0, -5)
This LOCKS us into 1 and only 1 line.
Since the statements lock us into just 1 line, we have enough information to determine whether or not
the line y1 = mx + b passes through the point (2, -1))
Since we can answer the target question with certainty, the combined statements are SUFFICIENT
Answer = C
IMPORTANT: Need we find the equation of the line? Need we actually determine whether or not the line passes through (2, -1)? No and no. We need only recognize that, since there's only 1 line that satisfies both statements, we COULD find the equation of the line and we COULD determine whether is passes through (2, -1)
Cheers,
Brent
Last edited by Brent@GMATPrepNow on Mon Apr 16, 2018 1:00 pm, edited 1 time in total.
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For (2,-1) to lie on line y1 = mx+b when you substitute the value of x=2 then y should be obtained as -1 [Point (2,-1) should satisfy the equation of line given]
Statement 1) Line y2 is perpendicular to Line y1
This leads to the Product of their slopes should be -1
i.e. (-1/2)x m = -1
i.e. m = 2
Thefore the equation of line y1 become y1 = 2x+b
But since b is unknown therefore insufficient to answer the question
Statement 2) b=-5
Doesn't give us any information to calculate slope of line therefore Insufficient.
Combining the two statements
the equation of line becomes
y1 = 2x-5
Now we can substitute the values (2,-1) and check whether the equation is satisfied or not
SUFFICIENT
Answer: Option C
Statement 1) Line y2 is perpendicular to Line y1
This leads to the Product of their slopes should be -1
i.e. (-1/2)x m = -1
i.e. m = 2
Thefore the equation of line y1 become y1 = 2x+b
But since b is unknown therefore insufficient to answer the question
Statement 2) b=-5
Doesn't give us any information to calculate slope of line therefore Insufficient.
Combining the two statements
the equation of line becomes
y1 = 2x-5
Now we can substitute the values (2,-1) and check whether the equation is satisfied or not
SUFFICIENT
Answer: Option C
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Contact for One-on-One FREE ONLINE DEMO Class Call/e-mail
Most Efficient and affordable One-On-One Private tutoring fee - US$40-50 per hour